{"catalogue":"The Library of Kali Ma","snapshot":"Packaged catalogue at publication; use the API for runtime overrides.","total":2010,"page":12,"pageSize":48,"totalPages":42,"next":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/page-13.json","previous":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/page-11.json","records":[{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B2-067"],"authors":["Brooklyn Daily Eagle"],"year":2014,"dateLabel":"2014","id":"kali-import-433b4750be7084f7de61","title":"Hindu Group Unhappy with Goddess Kali Mural at Brooklyn Museum","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Brooklyn Daily Eagle","sourceUrl":"https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/12/19/hindu-group-unhappy-with-goddess-kali-mural-at-brooklyn-museum/","description":"Report on objections to Chitra Ganesh's 60-foot Kali mural at the Brooklyn Museum.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B2-067, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 67\nTitle: Hindu Group Unhappy with Goddess Kali Mural at Brooklyn Museum\nAuthors: Brooklyn Daily Eagle\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2014\nSource / Publisher: Brooklyn Daily Eagle\nFull-text URL: https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/12/19/hindu-group-unhappy-with-goddess-kali-mural-at-brooklyn-museum/\nSubjects: Kali in the West; Art Controversy\nDescription: Report on objections to Chitra Ganesh's 60-foot Kali mural at the Brooklyn Museum.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 444-record catalogue + batch 1, 4 Nov 2026): No URL or title match (catalogue or batch 1)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 2, November 2026","Kali in the West","Art Controversy"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Hindu Group Unhappy with Goddess Kali Mural at Brooklyn Museum. Brooklyn Daily Eagle. 2014. https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/12/19/hindu-group-unhappy-with-goddess-kali-mural-at-brooklyn-museum/","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-433b4750be7084f7de61.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B7-035"],"authors":["Gupte, B. A."],"year":1919,"dateLabel":"1919","id":"kali-import-34e2b9d52f91b0bfbaaa","title":"Hindu Holidays and Ceremonials","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Cornell University Library copy, via Internet Archive","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/cu31924024133922","description":"Encyclopaedic guide to Hindu festivals including Kali Puja and Kali Chaudas.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B7-035, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 35\nTitle: Hindu Holidays and Ceremonials\nAuthors: Gupte, B. A.\nRecord type: Book\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1919\nSource / Publisher: Cornell University Library copy, via Internet Archive\nFull-text URL: https://archive.org/details/cu31924024133922\nSubjects: Festivals; Kali Puja; Folklore\nDescription: Encyclopaedic guide to Hindu festivals including Kali Puja and Kali Chaudas.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,069-record catalogue + batches 1-6, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-6)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 7, November 2026","Festivals","Kali Puja","Folklore"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Gupte, B. A.. Hindu Holidays and Ceremonials. Cornell University Library copy, via Internet Archive. 1919. https://archive.org/details/cu31924024133922","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-34e2b9d52f91b0bfbaaa.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B4-063"],"authors":["Hafer, Leana"],"year":2012,"dateLabel":"2012","id":"kali-import-0890f6a77ceff42a8c2a","title":"Hindu Leader Requests Removal of Deities from Smite, Hi-Rez Declines","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"PC Gamer","sourceUrl":"https://www.pcgamer.com/hindu-leader-requests-removal-of-dieties-from-smite-hi-rez-declines/","description":"The 2012 dispute over Kali as a playable character in Smite.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B4-063, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 63\nTitle: Hindu Leader Requests Removal of Deities from Smite, Hi-Rez Declines\nAuthors: Hafer, Leana\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2012\nSource / Publisher: PC Gamer\nFull-text URL: https://www.pcgamer.com/hindu-leader-requests-removal-of-dieties-from-smite-hi-rez-declines/\nSubjects: Video Games; Controversy\nDescription: The 2012 dispute over Kali as a playable character in Smite.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 672-record catalogue + batches 1-3, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-3)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 4, November 2026","Video Games","Controversy"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Hafer, Leana. Hindu Leader Requests Removal of Deities from Smite, Hi-Rez Declines. PC Gamer. 2012. https://www.pcgamer.com/hindu-leader-requests-removal-of-dieties-from-smite-hi-rez-declines/","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-0890f6a77ceff42a8c2a.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B7-041"],"authors":["Dubois, J. A.","Beauchamp, H. K. (trans.)"],"year":1906,"dateLabel":"1906 (3rd ed.)","id":"kali-import-f7a5d663eafae11bc031","title":"Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Internet Archive","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/hindumannerscust1906dubo","description":"French missionary's classic account, including goddess worship and blood sacrifice.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B7-041, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 41\nTitle: Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies\nAuthors: Dubois, J. A.; Beauchamp, H. K. (trans.)\nRecord type: Book\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1906 (3rd ed.)\nSource / Publisher: Internet Archive\nFull-text URL: https://archive.org/details/hindumannerscust1906dubo\nSubjects: Missionary Accounts; Ritual; Sacrifice\nDescription: French missionary's classic account, including goddess worship and blood sacrifice.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,069-record catalogue + batches 1-6, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-6)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 7, November 2026","Missionary Accounts","Ritual","Sacrifice"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Dubois, J. A.; Beauchamp, H. K. (trans.). Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies. Internet Archive. 1906 (3rd ed.). https://archive.org/details/hindumannerscust1906dubo","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-f7a5d663eafae11bc031.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-0063"],"authors":["M. Hadi Tezokur"],"year":2019,"dateLabel":"2019","id":"kali-0063","title":"Hindu Mezhebi Şaktizm: Tanrıça Kali","recordType":"Article","language":"Turkish","sourceName":"Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi","sourceUrl":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1716443","description":"A Turkish-language overview of Kali within Shaktism, discussing her relationship with Shakti, her maternal and destructive characteristics, and interpretations of her iconography. The article brings together accounts of worship, temples, offerings, and the goddess’s relationships with other Hindu deities. Its bibliography includes English-language scholarship, religious studies reference works, and Turkish translations. It can broaden a multilingual collection and provide an introductory account for Turkish readers. The text is a synthetic interpretation rather than an edition of Sanskrit sources or a new ethnographic monograph; its historical and gender-related generalizations should therefore be read alongside specialist studies.\n\nKALI-0063 — Kali Library Research Catalogue.\nAccess and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator's 4–5 November 2026 research release, not a new independent verification.\n\nThe Hindu tradition of Shaktism: Goddess Kali [catalogue translation]\nAuthor / attribution: M. Hadi Tezokur\nPublication: Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · 2019\nYear 11, issue 22 (April 2019), pp. 118–128. Landing-page title differs slightly: Hint Mezhebi Şaktizm Bağlamında Tanrıça Kali.\nFormat / language: Journal article · Turkish\nKali relevance: Kali is the principal subject of the complete article.\nContext: Turkish religious studies; Shaktism; iconography and worship.\nSubjects: Academic Research and Peer-Reviewed Articles; Art, Iconography, and Epigraphic Studies\nEvidence / reliability: University religious-studies journal; synthetic secondary overview\nAccess / rights: Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Freely readable from the stated institutional or original publication host. Copyright retained; no general republication licence established. Link to the work rather than copying it.\n\nSource and alternate access links:\nRead complete text: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1716443\nSource record: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/diclesosbed/article/920360","subjects":["Kali Library Research Catalogue","Academic Research and Peer-Reviewed Articles","Art, Iconography, and Epigraphic Studies"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Freely readable from the stated institutional or original publication host. Copyright retained; no general republication licence established. Link to the work rather than copying it. This library links to the source and does not reproduce its full text.","citation":"M. Hadi Tezokur. Hindu Mezhebi Şaktizm: Tanrıça Kali. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · 2019.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-0063.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100-004"],"authors":["Vertovec, Steven"],"year":1993,"dateLabel":"1993","id":"kali-import-5d93b6fbef1c1cf38054","title":"Hindu Mother-Goddess Cults in the Caribbean","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Etnolog 3, pp. 179-194 (Slovene Ethnographic Museum)","sourceUrl":"https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_3_vertovec_hindu.pdf","description":"Survey of Kali Mai Puja and related goddess cults among Indo-Caribbean Hindus.\n\nCurator source KALI-100-004, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 4\nTitle: Hindu Mother-Goddess Cults in the Caribbean\nAuthors: Vertovec, Steven\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1993\nSource / Publisher: Etnolog 3, pp. 179-194 (Slovene Ethnographic Museum)\nFull-text URL: https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_3_vertovec_hindu.pdf\nAlternate URL: https://www.etno-muzej.si/en/node/2341\nSubjects: Academic Research and Peer-Reviewed Articles; Diaspora; Trinidad and Tobago\nDescription: Survey of Kali Mai Puja and related goddess cults among Indo-Caribbean Hindus.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 422-record catalogue, 4 Nov 2026): No URL or title match","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — November 2026","Academic Research and Peer-Reviewed Articles","Diaspora","Trinidad and Tobago"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Vertovec, Steven. Hindu Mother-Goddess Cults in the Caribbean. Etnolog 3, pp. 179-194 (Slovene Ethnographic Museum). 1993. https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_3_vertovec_hindu.pdf","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-5d93b6fbef1c1cf38054.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-0086","wilkins_hindu_mythology_1900"],"authors":["W. J. Wilkins"],"year":1900,"dateLabel":"1900","id":"kali-0086","title":"Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta; W. Thacker & Co., London","sourceUrl":"https://sacred-texts.com/book/hindu-mythology-vedic-and-puranic","description":"Wilkins surveys Vedic and Puranic deities, narratives, images and worship in a richly organized historical handbook. The chapter on Uma treats forms of Shiva's consort, including Kali, and gives descriptions of her appearance and stories connected with the goddess. Because Kali is placed beside other goddess forms, the work can support a historical reception shelf and a comparison of name use in English publications. Its presentation draws together textual narratives and observed practice through the categories of a nineteenth-century Christian missionary author. That viewpoint, its evaluative language and its often broad identifications require explicit context; readers should not treat it as the final authority on Hindu doctrine or religious history. The available 1900 edition is complete, with the Vedic and Puranic divisions, chapters on lesser beings, an index and errata. Use the entire book as the bibliographic record and direct readers to the Uma chapter for the most relevant material.\n\nKALI-0086 — Kali Library Research Catalogue.\nAccess and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator's 4–5 November 2026 research release, not a new independent verification.\n\nAuthor / attribution: W. J. Wilkins\nPublication: Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta; W. Thacker & Co., London · 1900\n1900 edition.\nFormat / language: Historical book / primary devotional or interpretive source · English\nComposition / textual history: Original English work; see publication date and edition notes\nIdentifier: wilkins_hindu_mythology_1900\nKali relevance: Substantial Kali discussion within the chapter on Uma and related goddess forms.\nContext: Colonial missionary handbook; catalogue its bias and historical reception value.\nSubjects: Historical Accounts and Colonial Records; Art, Iconography, and Epigraphic Studies; Philosophy, Theology, and Comparative Religion\nEvidence / reliability: Freely accessible complete historical text; interpretive and historical claims should be compared with modern scholarship.\nAccess / rights: Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical text and translation are public domain in the United States; observe host transcription terms and local law for reuse.\n\nSource and alternate access links:\nRead complete text: https://sacred-texts.com/book/hindu-mythology-vedic-and-puranic\nAlternate / related form: https://sacred-texts.com/hin/hm/index.htm","subjects":["Kali Library Research Catalogue","Historical Accounts and Colonial Records","Art, Iconography, and Epigraphic Studies","Philosophy, Theology, and Comparative Religion"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical text and translation are public domain in the United States; observe host transcription terms and local law for reuse. This library links to the source and does not reproduce its full text.","citation":"W. J. Wilkins. Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta; W. Thacker & Co., London · 1900.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-0086.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":["Morinis, E. Alan"],"year":1981,"dateLabel":"1981 CE","id":"keepers-bf0b8d1eb6817b0c38a6","title":"Hindu Pilgrimage, with Particular Reference to West Bengal, India","recordType":"Article","language":"Not specified","sourceName":"Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography","sourceUrl":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid%3A690a2734-2493-4e1d-b551-d391bec4b0a5","description":"From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.\nSection: Scholarly Works.\n\nMorinis, E. Alan. “Hindu Pilgrimage, with Particular Reference to West Bengal, India.” D.Phil. thesis, University of Oxford, 1981.\n\nBibliographic metadata supplied by the curator; links, availability, and reproduction rights have not been independently verified.\n\nAccess links supplied in the bibliography:\nhttps://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid%3A690a2734-2493-4e1d-b551-d391bec4b0a5","subjects":["Keepers of the Mother’s Flame","Scholarly Works","Bengal"],"access":"Metadata only","rights":"Bibliographic record only. No source full text is reproduced. Consult the linked provider for access and reproduction rights.","citation":"Morinis, E. Alan. “Hindu Pilgrimage, with Particular Reference to West Bengal, India.” D.Phil. thesis, University of Oxford, 1981.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/keepers-bf0b8d1eb6817b0c38a6.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B8-040"],"authors":["Lyall, Alfred Comyn"],"year":1911,"dateLabel":"1911","id":"kali-import-9ccb9424b104571e7d20","title":"Hinduism (1911 Encyclopædia Britannica)","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hinduism","description":"Britannica survey of Hinduism, with its discussion of Kali and Shakta worship.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B8-040, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 40\nTitle: Hinduism (1911 Encyclopædia Britannica)\nAuthors: Lyall, Alfred Comyn\nRecord type: Reference\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1911\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hinduism\nSubjects: Hinduism; Shaktism; Kali\nDescription: Britannica survey of Hinduism, with its discussion of Kali and Shakta worship.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,167-record catalogue + batches 1-7, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-7)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 8, November 2026","Hinduism","Shaktism","Kali"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Lyall, Alfred Comyn. Hinduism (1911 Encyclopædia Britannica). Wikisource (public domain). 1911. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hinduism","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-9ccb9424b104571e7d20.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KLM000045"],"authors":["Heinz Scheifinger"],"year":2006,"dateLabel":"2006-09","id":"klm000045","title":"Hinduism and the Internet: A Sociological Study","recordType":"Dissertation","language":"English","sourceName":"University of Warwick, Department of Sociology; Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP)","sourceUrl":"https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/59423/1/WRAP_THESIS_Scheifinger_2006.pdf","access":"Open access","description":"This dissertation investigates how early internet use reshaped Hindu worship, religious authority and relationships between devotees and sacred places. Combining website analysis with interviews at Indian temples and with online puja-service operators, Scheifinger examines whether digitally mediated religion changes the importance of bodily presence, divine images and local ritual settings. Its substantial Kali-related material concerns Kalighat and Dakshineswar, where commercial intermediaries arrange offerings for distant clients. The study documents disagreements about how these pujas should be performed, whether clients must pray simultaneously, who may use the services and whether animal sacrifice should be arranged. These cases reveal how website operators can make consequential ritual decisions without holding traditional religious office. Broader discussions address globalization, religious markets, online representation and the standardization or diversification of worship. Particularly useful for understanding the early history of digital Kali devotion, the dissertation also shows why internet access need not diminish a temple’s local significance. Its descriptions of services and websites reflect the early 2000s rather than current practice.\n\nResearch source KLM000045, Batch 11 export dated 5 November 2026.\nThe access, completeness, rights and reading assessments below come from the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library.\n\nHinduism and the Internet: A Sociological Study\nEnglish title: Hinduism and the Internet: A Sociological Study\nAuthor or attribution: Heinz Scheifinger\nPublication date: 2006-09\nPublisher or repository: University of Warwick, Department of Sociology; Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP)\nEdition details: PhD thesis in Sociology, September 2006; xi + 305 leaves; complete 318-page repository PDF including cover and preliminary matter.\nLanguage: English\nType: Doctoral dissertation; complete institutional repository PDF\nSubjects: Theses and Dissertations; Contemporary Worship and Living Traditions\nThis dissertation investigates how early internet use reshaped Hindu worship, religious authority and relationships between devotees and sacred places. Combining website analysis with interviews at Indian temples and with online puja-service operators, Scheifinger examines whether digitally mediated religion changes the importance of bodily presence, divine images and local ritual settings. Its substantial Kali-related material concerns Kalighat and Dakshineswar, where commercial intermediaries arrange offerings for distant clients. The study documents disagreements about how these pujas should be performed, whether clients must pray simultaneously, who may use the services and whether animal sacrifice should be arranged. These cases reveal how website operators can make consequential ritual decisions without holding traditional religious office. Broader discussions address globalization, religious markets, online representation and the standardization or diversification of worship. Particularly useful for understanding the early history of digital Kali devotion, the dissertation also shows why internet access need not diminish a temple’s local significance. Its descriptions of services and websites reflect the early 2000s rather than current practice.\nKali relevance: Substantial Kali-temple case material: Kalighat and Dakshineswar context at pp153–154 and sustained analysis of online puja providers and disagreements about ritual authority at pp214–217, with related temple findings elsewhere. A contextual source about actual Kali worship, not a Kali-titled monograph.\nRead complete source text\nSource or repository record\nRights: Repository PDF states that the work is protected by original copyright. No Creative Commons or public-domain license identified. Link to the lawful institutional copy; permission to reproduce or rehost is not established.\nEvidence class: University of Warwick doctoral thesis in Sociology, supervised by Jim Beckford and Stella Spanou; institutional metadata identifies the submitted version. Scholarly doctoral research, not a peer-reviewed journal article.\nReading limits: Title and preliminary matter, representative substantive Kali-related sections, conclusion and final bibliography inspected directly. Beginning, substantive interior and last printed page also rendered and visually inspected. Completeness verified; not a line-by-line critical review or independent verification of ethnographic claims.\nComposition date: Contemporary doctoral research; see publication date\nWitness date: Complete institutional repository PDF verified on 2026-11-05\nAccess verification: Complete 318-page PDF freely downloadable and readable without signup or payment from the University of Warwick repository.\nRelated sources:\n\nSource and repository links:\nhttps://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/59423/1/WRAP_THESIS_Scheifinger_2006.pdf\nhttps://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/59423/","subjects":["KLM Research Sources — Batch 11","Theses and Dissertations","Contemporary Worship and Living Traditions"],"rights":"Repository PDF states that the work is protected by original copyright. No Creative Commons or public-domain license identified. Link to the lawful institutional copy; permission to reproduce or rehost is not established.","citation":"Heinz Scheifinger. Hinduism and the Internet: A Sociological Study. University of Warwick, Department of Sociology; Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP). 2006-09. PhD thesis in Sociology, September 2006; xi + 305 leaves; complete 318-page repository PDF including cover and preliminary matter.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/klm000045.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-NOV04B-025"],"authors":["James Samuel Bradbury"],"year":2019,"dateLabel":"2019","id":"kali-nov04b-025","title":"Hinduism and the Left: Searching for the Secular in Post-Communist Kolkata","recordType":"Dissertation","language":"English","sourceName":"pure.manchester.ac.uk","sourceUrl":"https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/156333412/FULL_TEXT.PDF","access":"Open access","description":"University of Manchester doctoral thesis on religion and secular governance in Kolkata; its discussion of Kali Puja is a bounded part of a larger study of political and festive life.\n\nCurator source KALI-NOV04B-025. Research supplement checked 4–5 November 2026.\nThe access, completeness and editorial assessments below come from the supplied curator document, not a new independent verification by this library.\n\nJames Samuel Bradbury  ·  2019  ·  English  ·  PhD thesis / Bengal\nScope: Contextual — Kali Puja and Kolkata religious politics\nUniversity of Manchester doctoral thesis on religion and secular governance in Kolkata; its discussion of Kali Puja is a bounded part of a larger study of political and festive life.\nOpen complete text: https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/156333412/FULL_TEXT.PDF\nVerification: Entire university-hosted doctoral thesis full PDF opened; table of contents and relevant passages available.\nEditorial note: Lower priority contextual source; do not present as a dissertation devoted to the goddess.","subjects":["Further Full-Text Sources — November 2026","PhD thesis / Bengal","Contextual — Kali Puja and Kolkata religious politics","Contextual and Related-Form Sources"],"rights":"The curator supplement reports freely readable complete text, not a general republication licence. This library links to the supplied reading copy and does not reproduce full text. Check the source's copyright and reuse terms before copying or reposting.","citation":"James Samuel Bradbury. Hinduism and the Left: Searching for the Secular in Post-Communist Kolkata. 2019. PhD thesis / Bengal. Lower priority contextual source; do not present as a dissertation devoted to the goddess.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-nov04b-025.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B11-085"],"authors":["R. Subrata (TNI)"],"year":2015,"dateLabel":"2015","id":"kali-import-1eb85509ff81b7d4bace","title":"Historical Anandamayee Kali Temple re-inaugurated at Siliguri","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Times of North","sourceUrl":"https://timesofnorth.in/2015/02/14/historical-anandamayee-kali-temple-re-inaugurated-at-siliguri/","description":"Reopening of a Kali temple founded by the poet Mukunda Das.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B11-085, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\n#: 85\nTitle: Historical Anandamayee Kali Temple re-inaugurated at Siliguri\nAuthors: R. Subrata (TNI)\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2015\nSource / Publisher: Times of North\nFull-text URL: https://timesofnorth.in/2015/02/14/historical-anandamayee-kali-temple-re-inaugurated-at-siliguri/\nSubjects: Siliguri; Mukunda Das; Kali temple\nDescription: Reopening of a Kali temple founded by the poet Mukunda Das.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-10, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-10)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 11, November 2026","Siliguri","Mukunda Das","Kali temple"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"R. Subrata (TNI). Historical Anandamayee Kali Temple re-inaugurated at Siliguri. Times of North. 2015. https://timesofnorth.in/2015/02/14/historical-anandamayee-kali-temple-re-inaugurated-at-siliguri/","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-1eb85509ff81b7d4bace.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-NOV05-C014"],"authors":["Aritra Biswas"],"year":2025,"dateLabel":"2025","id":"kali-nov05-c014","title":"Historical Legacy and Revival of a Lost Art Form of Calcutta: A Case Study on the Kalighat Paintings","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Journal of History and Archaeology 1(1), 65-77","sourceUrl":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/404723047_Historical_Legacy_and_Revival_of_a_Lost_Art_Form_of_Calcutta_A_Case_Study_on_the_Kalighat_Paintings","access":"Open access","description":"Explores nineteenth-century Patua painting linked to Kalighat temple, religious images, commercialization, and modern revival. Different authorship and scope from the previously cataloged Rise and Fall of Kalighat Paintings.\n\nCurator source KALI-NOV05-C014. Research release: 5 November 2026.\nThe access, completeness and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library.\n\nAritra Biswas  |  2025  |  Kolkata, India  |  English\nPublication: Journal of History and Archaeology 1(1), 65-77\nExplores nineteenth-century Patua painting linked to Kalighat temple, religious images, commercialization, and modern revival. Different authorship and scope from the previously cataloged Rise and Fall of Kalighat Paintings.\nRead complete source: Open verified full-text record\nAccess checked: Public author-uploaded full PDF text appears from first page through final citations.\nRelationship: Kali temple-associated visual culture\n\nSource links extracted from the document:\nhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/404723047_Historical_Legacy_and_Revival_of_a_Lost_Art_Form_of_Calcutta_A_Case_Study_on_the_Kalighat_Paintings","subjects":["Additional Full-Text Sources — 5 November 2026","Kolkata, India","Kali temple-associated visual culture","Contextual and Related-Form Sources"],"rights":"The curator document reports free reading access; this does not automatically authorize republication. No source full text is hosted here. Follow the linked publisher or repository's licence. Author-hosted reading copies may have separate download/login restrictions.","citation":"Aritra Biswas. Historical Legacy and Revival of a Lost Art Form of Calcutta: A Case Study on the Kalighat Paintings. Journal of History and Archaeology 1(1), 65-77. 2025.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-nov05-c014.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B10-047"],"authors":["Busk, Rachel Harriette"],"year":1873,"dateLabel":"1873","id":"kali-import-e057f4f74ab2eed8ce67","title":"Historical Notice of Vikramâditja (Sagas from the Far East)","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Sagas_from_the_Far_East/Historical_Notice_of_Vikram%C3%A2ditja","description":"Vikramaditya obtains an apparition of the goddess Kali.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B10-047, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nThis chapter record covers only the named chapter, not the complete parent book.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\n#: 47\nTitle: Historical Notice of Vikramâditja (Sagas from the Far East)\nAuthors: Busk, Rachel Harriette\nRecord type: Book chapter\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1873\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Sagas_from_the_Far_East/Historical_Notice_of_Vikram%C3%A2ditja\nSubjects: Vikramaditya; Apparition of Kali\nDescription: Vikramaditya obtains an apparition of the goddess Kali.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-9, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-9)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 10, November 2026","Vikramaditya","Apparition of Kali","Book Chapters"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Busk, Rachel Harriette. Historical Notice of Vikramâditja (Sagas from the Far East). Wikisource (public domain). 1873. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Sagas_from_the_Far_East/Historical_Notice_of_Vikram%C3%A2ditja","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-e057f4f74ab2eed8ce67.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B5-038"],"authors":["Sen, Dinesh Chandra"],"year":1911,"dateLabel":"1911","id":"kali-import-2167515498dd2271f8ba","title":"History of Bengali Language and Literature","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Internet Archive","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/historyofbengali00sendrich","description":"Classic literary history with treatment of the Shakta poets and Ramprasad.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B5-038, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 38\nTitle: History of Bengali Language and Literature\nAuthors: Sen, Dinesh Chandra\nRecord type: Book\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1911\nSource / Publisher: Internet Archive\nFull-text URL: https://archive.org/details/historyofbengali00sendrich\nSubjects: Bengali Literature; Ramprasad; Shakta Poets\nDescription: Classic literary history with treatment of the Shakta poets and Ramprasad.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 820-record catalogue + batches 1-4, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-4)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 5, November 2026","Bengali Literature","Ramprasad","Shakta Poets"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Sen, Dinesh Chandra. History of Bengali Language and Literature. Internet Archive. 1911. https://archive.org/details/historyofbengali00sendrich","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-2167515498dd2271f8ba.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B8-065"],"authors":["Dakshineswar Kali Temple"],"year":null,"dateLabel":"Date not established","id":"kali-import-90130b32cd5ec0d9f76c","title":"History of Dakshineswar Kali Temple","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Dakshineswar Kali Temple (official site)","sourceUrl":"https://dakshineswarkalitemple.org/history.html","description":"The temple's own account of its founding by Rani Rashmoni, 1847-1861.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B8-065, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 65\nTitle: History of Dakshineswar Kali Temple\nAuthors: Dakshineswar Kali Temple\nRecord type: Web page\nLanguage: English\nSource / Publisher: Dakshineswar Kali Temple (official site)\nFull-text URL: https://dakshineswarkalitemple.org/history.html\nSubjects: Dakshineswar; Rani Rashmoni; Temple history\nDescription: The temple's own account of its founding by Rani Rashmoni, 1847-1861.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,167-record catalogue + batches 1-7, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-7)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 8, November 2026","Dakshineswar","Rani Rashmoni","Temple history"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Dakshineswar Kali Temple. History of Dakshineswar Kali Temple. Dakshineswar Kali Temple (official site). Date not established. https://dakshineswarkalitemple.org/history.html","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-90130b32cd5ec0d9f76c.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B8-066"],"authors":["Rajendran, Abhilash"],"year":2023,"dateLabel":"2023","id":"kali-import-804881d519a77793671e","title":"History Of Dakshineswar Kali Temple – Story Of Origin Of Dakshineswar Kalibari","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Hindu Blog","sourceUrl":"https://www.hindu-blog.com/2023/11/history-of-dakshineswar-kali-temple.html","description":"Rani Rashmoni's dream and the founding of Dakshineswar.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B8-066, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 66\nTitle: History Of Dakshineswar Kali Temple – Story Of Origin Of Dakshineswar Kalibari\nAuthors: Rajendran, Abhilash\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2023\nSource / Publisher: Hindu Blog\nFull-text URL: https://www.hindu-blog.com/2023/11/history-of-dakshineswar-kali-temple.html\nSubjects: Dakshineswar; Rani Rashmoni; Ramakrishna\nDescription: Rani Rashmoni's dream and the founding of Dakshineswar.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,167-record catalogue + batches 1-7, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-7)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 8, November 2026","Dakshineswar","Rani Rashmoni","Ramakrishna"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Rajendran, Abhilash. History Of Dakshineswar Kali Temple – Story Of Origin Of Dakshineswar Kalibari. Hindu Blog. 2023. https://www.hindu-blog.com/2023/11/history-of-dakshineswar-kali-temple.html","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-804881d519a77793671e.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B10-056"],"authors":["Dutt, Romesh Chunder (contrib.)"],"year":1906,"dateLabel":"1906","id":"kali-import-debf07dee59ac55f2066","title":"History of India, Volume 1, Chapter 15","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_India/Volume_1/Chapter_15","description":"On Rudra becoming the Puranic Shiva, consort of Durga or Kali.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B10-056, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nThis chapter record covers only the named chapter, not the complete parent book.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\n#: 56\nTitle: History of India, Volume 1, Chapter 15\nAuthors: Dutt, Romesh Chunder (contrib.)\nRecord type: Book chapter\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1906\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_India/Volume_1/Chapter_15\nSubjects: Brahmanas; Rudra; Durga or Kali\nDescription: On Rudra becoming the Puranic Shiva, consort of Durga or Kali.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-9, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-9)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 10, November 2026","Brahmanas","Rudra","Durga or Kali","Book Chapters"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Dutt, Romesh Chunder (contrib.). History of India, Volume 1, Chapter 15. Wikisource (public domain). 1906. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_India/Volume_1/Chapter_15","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-debf07dee59ac55f2066.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B7-072"],"authors":["Rajendran, Abhilash"],"year":2020,"dateLabel":"2020","id":"kali-import-28c89a14c75e59a196db","title":"History of Thillai Kaliamman Temple at Chidambaram","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Hindu Blog","sourceUrl":"https://www.hindu-blog.com/2020/09/history-of-thillai-kaliamman-temple-at-chidambaram-temple.html","description":"Kali's dance contest with Shiva at Chidambaram.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B7-072, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 72\nTitle: History of Thillai Kaliamman Temple at Chidambaram\nAuthors: Rajendran, Abhilash\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2020\nSource / Publisher: Hindu Blog\nFull-text URL: https://www.hindu-blog.com/2020/09/history-of-thillai-kaliamman-temple-at-chidambaram-temple.html\nSubjects: Tamil Nadu; Thillai Kali; Dance Contest\nDescription: Kali's dance contest with Shiva at Chidambaram.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,069-record catalogue + batches 1-6, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-6)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 7, November 2026","Tamil Nadu","Thillai Kali","Dance Contest"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Rajendran, Abhilash. History of Thillai Kaliamman Temple at Chidambaram. Hindu Blog. 2020. https://www.hindu-blog.com/2020/09/history-of-thillai-kaliamman-temple-at-chidambaram-temple.html","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-28c89a14c75e59a196db.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B3-070"],"authors":["Toronto Kalibari"],"year":2017,"dateLabel":"2017","id":"kali-import-3f2e58673e5a0989a53a","title":"History of Toronto Kalibari","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Toronto Kalibari (temple website)","sourceUrl":"https://kalibaritoronto.com/history/","description":"Temple history from 1984 home gatherings to the Mississauga Kalibari.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B3-070, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 70\nTitle: History of Toronto Kalibari\nAuthors: Toronto Kalibari\nRecord type: Reference\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2017\nSource / Publisher: Toronto Kalibari (temple website)\nFull-text URL: https://kalibaritoronto.com/history/\nSubjects: Diaspora; Canada; Temples\nDescription: Temple history from 1984 home gatherings to the Mississauga Kalibari.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 571-record catalogue + batches 1-2, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-2)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 3, November 2026","Diaspora","Canada","Temples"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Toronto Kalibari. History of Toronto Kalibari. Toronto Kalibari (temple website). 2017. https://kalibaritoronto.com/history/","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-3f2e58673e5a0989a53a.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B4-044"],"authors":["exchange4media"],"year":2019,"dateLabel":"2019","id":"kali-import-4bdcce27a0b0b9f861c4","title":"HistoryTV18 to Tell Story of Kolkata's Patron Goddess in 'Dakshineswar: Legends of Kali'","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"exchange4media","sourceUrl":"https://www.exchange4media.com/industry-briefing-news/historytv18-to-tell-story-of-kolkatas-patron-goddess-in-dakshineswar-legends-of-kali-100436.html","description":"Notice of a 2019 TV documentary on the Dakshineswar temple, Rani Rashmoni and Ramakrishna.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B4-044, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 44\nTitle: HistoryTV18 to Tell Story of Kolkata's Patron Goddess in 'Dakshineswar: Legends of Kali'\nAuthors: exchange4media\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2019\nSource / Publisher: exchange4media\nFull-text URL: https://www.exchange4media.com/industry-briefing-news/historytv18-to-tell-story-of-kolkatas-patron-goddess-in-dakshineswar-legends-of-kali-100436.html\nSubjects: Documentary; Dakshineswar\nDescription: Notice of a 2019 TV documentary on the Dakshineswar temple, Rani Rashmoni and Ramakrishna.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 672-record catalogue + batches 1-3, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-3)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 4, November 2026","Documentary","Dakshineswar"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"exchange4media. HistoryTV18 to Tell Story of Kolkata's Patron Goddess in 'Dakshineswar: Legends of Kali'. exchange4media. 2019. https://www.exchange4media.com/industry-briefing-news/historytv18-to-tell-story-of-kolkatas-patron-goddess-in-dakshineswar-legends-of-kali-100436.html","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-4bdcce27a0b0b9f861c4.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B10-099"],"authors":["Yule, Henry","Burnell, A. C."],"year":1903,"dateLabel":"1903","id":"kali-import-0ecdaa4cb88ff9385608","title":"Hobson-Jobson: M (Mysore entry)","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/M","description":"Glossary entry deriving Mysore from Mahishasura, 'slain by the goddess Durga or Kali'.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B10-099, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\n#: 99\nTitle: Hobson-Jobson: M (Mysore entry)\nAuthors: Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C.\nRecord type: Reference\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1903\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/M\nSubjects: Anglo-Indian glossary; Mahishasura; Durga or Kali\nDescription: Glossary entry deriving Mysore from Mahishasura, 'slain by the goddess Durga or Kali'.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-9, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-9)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 10, November 2026","Anglo-Indian glossary","Mahishasura","Durga or Kali"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C.. Hobson-Jobson: M (Mysore entry). Wikisource (public domain). 1903. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/M","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-0ecdaa4cb88ff9385608.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B11-100"],"authors":["Yule, Henry","Burnell, A. C."],"year":1903,"dateLabel":"1903","id":"kali-import-08d47de0269f68745e6d","title":"Hobson-Jobson: P (Pariah entry)","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/P","description":"Glossary quotation on Pariah drummers performing decapitation at 'Badra Kali sacrifices'.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B11-100, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\nThis record covers the named poem, story, letter, encyclopedia entry or section rather than asserting a complete parent volume.\n\n#: 100\nTitle: Hobson-Jobson: P (Pariah entry)\nAuthors: Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C.\nRecord type: Reference\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1903\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/P\nSubjects: Anglo-Indian glossary; Bhadrakali sacrifice\nDescription: Glossary quotation on Pariah drummers performing decapitation at 'Badra Kali sacrifices'.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-10, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-10)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 11, November 2026","Anglo-Indian glossary","Bhadrakali sacrifice"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C.. Hobson-Jobson: P (Pariah entry). Wikisource (public domain). 1903. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hobson-Jobson/P","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-08d47de0269f68745e6d.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B8-035"],"authors":["Thurston, Edgar","Rangachari, K."],"year":1909,"dateLabel":"1909","id":"kali-import-f2877f00a947fdea83c9","title":"Holeya (Castes and Tribes of Southern India)","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Holeya","description":"Entry on the Holeyas, with notes on their goddess rites.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B8-035, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 35\nTitle: Holeya (Castes and Tribes of Southern India)\nAuthors: Thurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K.\nRecord type: Reference\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1909\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Holeya\nSubjects: Karnataka; Village goddess; Kali\nDescription: Entry on the Holeyas, with notes on their goddess rites.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,167-record catalogue + batches 1-7, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-7)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 8, November 2026","Karnataka","Village goddess","Kali"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Thurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K.. Holeya (Castes and Tribes of Southern India). Wikisource (public domain). 1909. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Holeya","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-f2877f00a947fdea83c9.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B5-050"],"authors":["Malabari, Behramji"],"year":1882,"dateLabel":"1882","id":"kali-import-1638d54893541cd1f31e","title":"Holidays (Gujarat and the Gujaratis)","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Guj%C3%A1rat_and_the_Guj%C3%A1ratis/Holidays","description":"Parsi reformer's account of Gujarati festivals including Kali Chaudas.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B5-050, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nThis chapter record covers only the named chapter, not the complete parent book.\n\n#: 50\nTitle: Holidays (Gujarat and the Gujaratis)\nAuthors: Malabari, Behramji\nRecord type: Book chapter\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1882\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Guj%C3%A1rat_and_the_Guj%C3%A1ratis/Holidays\nSubjects: Gujarat; Kali Chaudas; Festivals\nDescription: Parsi reformer's account of Gujarati festivals including Kali Chaudas.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 820-record catalogue + batches 1-4, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-4)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 5, November 2026","Gujarat","Kali Chaudas","Festivals","Book Chapters"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Malabari, Behramji. Holidays (Gujarat and the Gujaratis). Wikisource (public domain). 1882. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Guj%C3%A1rat_and_the_Guj%C3%A1ratis/Holidays","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-1638d54893541cd1f31e.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B3-086"],"authors":["Acri, Andrea"],"year":2021,"dateLabel":"2021","id":"kali-import-def46a6507d713f45fb3","title":"Horror, Transgression, and Power: The 'Demonic Numinous' in the Tantra-Influenced Literatures and Visual Arts of Java and Bali","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 107 (Persée)","sourceUrl":"https://www.persee.fr/doc/befeo_0336-1519_2021_num_107_1_6372","description":"Fierce Durga/Kali-type goddesses and cremation-ground imagery in Old Javanese and Balinese tantric art.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B3-086, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 86\nTitle: Horror, Transgression, and Power: The 'Demonic Numinous' in the Tantra-Influenced Literatures and Visual Arts of Java and Bali\nAuthors: Acri, Andrea\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2021\nSource / Publisher: Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 107 (Persée)\nFull-text URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/befeo_0336-1519_2021_num_107_1_6372\nSubjects: Java and Bali; Durga; Fierce Goddesses\nDescription: Fierce Durga/Kali-type goddesses and cremation-ground imagery in Old Javanese and Balinese tantric art.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 571-record catalogue + batches 1-2, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-2)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 3, November 2026","Java and Bali","Durga","Fierce Goddesses"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Acri, Andrea. Horror, Transgression, and Power: The 'Demonic Numinous' in the Tantra-Influenced Literatures and Visual Arts of Java and Bali. Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 107 (Persée). 2021. https://www.persee.fr/doc/befeo_0336-1519_2021_num_107_1_6372","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-def46a6507d713f45fb3.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":[],"year":null,"dateLabel":"Date not recorded","id":"met-kali-lithography","title":"Household Gods — Kali Lithography","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"The Metropolitan Museum of Art","sourceUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/perspectives/household-gods-kali-lithography","description":"A museum perspective on Kali lithography and devotional imagery. Listed in the temple's existing Scrolls references; author and publication date have not yet been catalogued.","subjects":["Kali","Devotional art","Lithography","Bengal"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Read the essay at the museum. Text and image reproduction rights are governed by the source.","citation":"“Household Gods — Kali Lithography.” The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Perspectives. https://www.metmuseum.org/perspectives/household-gods-kali-lithography","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/met-kali-lithography.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50B3-021"],"authors":["Colin Robinson"],"year":2022,"dateLabel":"2022 online","id":"kali-fifty3-021","title":"How an Indian City Worships Kali","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Kali Mandir","sourceUrl":"https://www.kalimandir.org/post/how-an-indian-city-worships-kali","access":"Open access","description":"Complete original eyewitness description of urban Kali celebrations and practices.\n\nCurator source KALI-50B3-021. Practitioner records and Kali Mandir writings. Research supplement dated 5 November 2026.\nAccess, completeness, dates and scholarly or devotional assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Contemporary lineage teachings, miracle accounts and astrological correspondences are attributed testimony, not independently established historical or scientific facts. Full source content is linked, not reproduced.\n\n\n\n21. How an Indian City Worships Kali\nColin Robinson  |  2022 online\nComplete original eyewitness description of urban Kali celebrations and practices.\nRead complete source: Full text\nEditorial note: Contemporary observational testimony, not comprehensive ethnography.\n\nSource and installment links:\nFull text: https://www.kalimandir.org/post/how-an-indian-city-worships-kali","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — Batch 3, November 2026","Practitioner records and Kali Mandir writings"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading access, not a blanket republication licence. Follow the linked host's copyright and reuse conditions. No source text, manuscript scan or collection image is reproduced here.","citation":"Colin Robinson. How an Indian City Worships Kali. Kali Mandir. 2022 online. https://www.kalimandir.org/post/how-an-indian-city-worships-kali","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty3-021.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B6-079"],"authors":["Dharma Renaissance"],"year":null,"dateLabel":"n.d.","id":"kali-import-34ff0cd8e2ee49d71cb3","title":"How Kali Kalkattewali Became Kolkata's Soul: History, Symbolism and Sacred Identity","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Dharma Renaissance (blog)","sourceUrl":"https://blog.dharma-renaissance.org/?p=13275","description":"Essay on Kali as Calcutta's patron goddess.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B6-079, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 79\nTitle: How Kali Kalkattewali Became Kolkata's Soul: History, Symbolism and Sacred Identity\nAuthors: Dharma Renaissance\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: n.d.\nSource / Publisher: Dharma Renaissance (blog)\nFull-text URL: https://blog.dharma-renaissance.org/?p=13275\nSubjects: Kolkata; Kalighat; Identity\nDescription: Essay on Kali as Calcutta's patron goddess.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 920-record catalogue + batches 1-5, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-5)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 6, November 2026","Kolkata","Kalighat","Identity"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Dharma Renaissance. How Kali Kalkattewali Became Kolkata's Soul: History, Symbolism and Sacred Identity. Dharma Renaissance (blog). n.d.. https://blog.dharma-renaissance.org/?p=13275","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-34ff0cd8e2ee49d71cb3.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B8-082"],"authors":["Datta, Damayanti"],"year":2019,"dateLabel":"2019","id":"kali-import-2fca2e441338b2f6ec49","title":"How Kali Keeps Step With Contemporary Indian Food Habits","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Outlook Poshan","sourceUrl":"https://www.outlookindia.com/poshan/poshan-news-how-kali-keeps-step-with-contemporary-indian-food-habits-news-341182","description":"On the foods and drinks linked to Kali across India.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B8-082, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 82\nTitle: How Kali Keeps Step With Contemporary Indian Food Habits\nAuthors: Datta, Damayanti\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2019\nSource / Publisher: Outlook Poshan\nFull-text URL: https://www.outlookindia.com/poshan/poshan-news-how-kali-keeps-step-with-contemporary-indian-food-habits-news-341182\nSubjects: Kali; Food offerings; Regional diets\nDescription: On the foods and drinks linked to Kali across India.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,167-record catalogue + batches 1-7, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-7)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 8, November 2026","Kali","Food offerings","Regional diets"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Datta, Damayanti. How Kali Keeps Step With Contemporary Indian Food Habits. Outlook Poshan. 2019. https://www.outlookindia.com/poshan/poshan-news-how-kali-keeps-step-with-contemporary-indian-food-habits-news-341182","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-2fca2e441338b2f6ec49.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-NOV05-C018"],"authors":["Jamsie Naidoo (narrator)","Stephanos Stephanides (collector/editor)"],"year":1998,"dateLabel":"1998","id":"kali-nov05-c018","title":"How Kali Puja Came to Guyana (oral narrative)","recordType":"Reference","language":"English","sourceName":"Links & Letters 5, pp.249-250, within the complete Margins section","sourceUrl":"https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/lal/11337397n5/11337397n5p245.pdf","access":"Open access","description":"Complete, short recorded oral account in Guyanese Creole with English translation. The speaker recounts a remembered story about migrant prayer, illness, the Mother, and the establishment of Kali Puja; this is oral history, not independently corroborated colonial chronology.\n\nCurator source KALI-NOV05-C018. Research release: 5 November 2026.\nThe access, completeness and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library.\n\nJamsie Naidoo (narrator); Stephanos Stephanides (collector/editor)  |  1998  |  Guyana  |  English\nPublication: Links & Letters 5, pp.249-250, within the complete Margins section\nComplete, short recorded oral account in Guyanese Creole with English translation. The speaker recounts a remembered story about migrant prayer, illness, the Mother, and the establishment of Kali Puja; this is oral history, not independently corroborated colonial chronology.\nRead complete source: Open verified full-text record\nAccess checked: Entire oral narrative plus translation and note present at pp.249-250 of an open seven-page journal-section PDF.\nRelationship: Direct Kali Mai oral history\n\nSource links extracted from the document:\nhttps://ddd.uab.cat/pub/lal/11337397n5/11337397n5p245.pdf","subjects":["Additional Full-Text Sources — 5 November 2026","Guyana","Direct Kali Mai oral history","Diaspora"],"rights":"The curator document reports free reading access; this does not automatically authorize republication. No source full text is hosted here. Follow the linked publisher or repository's licence.","citation":"Jamsie Naidoo (narrator); Stephanos Stephanides (collector/editor). How Kali Puja Came to Guyana (oral narrative). Links & Letters 5, pp.249-250, within the complete Margins section. 1998.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-nov05-c018.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100-047"],"authors":["Hosein, Gabrielle"],"year":2023,"dateLabel":"2023","id":"kali-import-9df19f07adae74e496a4","title":"How one Hindu devotee is using Trinidad & Tobago Carnival's 'Jab Jab' character to invoke sacred, feminine power","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Global Voices (from Trinidad and Tobago Newsday)","sourceUrl":"https://globalvoices.org/2023/02/14/how-one-hindu-devotee-is-using-trinidad-tobago-carnivals-jab-jab-character-to-invoke-sacred-feminine-power/","description":"A Carnival masquerader invokes Kali Mai through the jab jab character.\n\nCurator source KALI-100-047, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 47\nTitle: How one Hindu devotee is using Trinidad & Tobago Carnival's 'Jab Jab' character to invoke sacred, feminine power\nAuthors: Hosein, Gabrielle\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2023\nSource / Publisher: Global Voices (from Trinidad and Tobago Newsday)\nFull-text URL: https://globalvoices.org/2023/02/14/how-one-hindu-devotee-is-using-trinidad-tobago-carnivals-jab-jab-character-to-invoke-sacred-feminine-power/\nSubjects: Trinidad and Tobago; Diaspora\nDescription: A Carnival masquerader invokes Kali Mai through the jab jab character.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 422-record catalogue, 4 Nov 2026): No URL or title match","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — November 2026","Trinidad and Tobago","Diaspora"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Hosein, Gabrielle. How one Hindu devotee is using Trinidad & Tobago Carnival's 'Jab Jab' character to invoke sacred, feminine power. Global Voices (from Trinidad and Tobago Newsday). 2023. https://globalvoices.org/2023/02/14/how-one-hindu-devotee-is-using-trinidad-tobago-carnivals-jab-jab-character-to-invoke-sacred-feminine-power/","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-9df19f07adae74e496a4.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B6-076"],"authors":["Outlook"],"year":2025,"dateLabel":"2025","id":"kali-import-b92cb9f88e3a0617ba1c","title":"How to Celebrate Kali Puja 2025: Rituals and Traditions Explained","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Outlook","sourceUrl":"https://www.outlookindia.com/national/how-to-celebrate-kali-puja-2025-rituals-and-traditions-explained-news-337847","description":"Explainer on Kali Puja rites and meaning.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B6-076, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 76\nTitle: How to Celebrate Kali Puja 2025: Rituals and Traditions Explained\nAuthors: Outlook\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2025\nSource / Publisher: Outlook\nFull-text URL: https://www.outlookindia.com/national/how-to-celebrate-kali-puja-2025-rituals-and-traditions-explained-news-337847\nSubjects: Kali Puja; Ritual\nDescription: Explainer on Kali Puja rites and meaning.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 920-record catalogue + batches 1-5, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-5)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 6, November 2026","Kali Puja","Ritual"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Outlook. How to Celebrate Kali Puja 2025: Rituals and Traditions Explained. Outlook. 2025. https://www.outlookindia.com/national/how-to-celebrate-kali-puja-2025-rituals-and-traditions-explained-news-337847","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-b92cb9f88e3a0617ba1c.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B3-067"],"authors":["Bhattacharya, Ahana"],"year":2025,"dateLabel":"2025","id":"kali-import-28223fb92c60243d8521","title":"Human Sacrifice Was Practiced in Over 500-Year-Old Simlagarh Kali Mandir in West Bengal","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"The CSR Journal","sourceUrl":"https://thecsrjournal.in/human-sacrifice-simlagarhh-kali-temple-west-bengal","description":"Local legends of the Simlagarh Kali temple near Pandua (folklore, not documented history).\n\nCurator source KALI-100B3-067, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 67\nTitle: Human Sacrifice Was Practiced in Over 500-Year-Old Simlagarh Kali Mandir in West Bengal\nAuthors: Bhattacharya, Ahana\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2025\nSource / Publisher: The CSR Journal\nFull-text URL: https://thecsrjournal.in/human-sacrifice-simlagarhh-kali-temple-west-bengal\nSubjects: Dacoit Kali; Sacrifice; Folklore\nDescription: Local legends of the Simlagarh Kali temple near Pandua (folklore, not documented history).\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 571-record catalogue + batches 1-2, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-2)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 3, November 2026","Dacoit Kali","Sacrifice","Folklore"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Bhattacharya, Ahana. Human Sacrifice Was Practiced in Over 500-Year-Old Simlagarh Kali Mandir in West Bengal. The CSR Journal. 2025. https://thecsrjournal.in/human-sacrifice-simlagarhh-kali-temple-west-bengal","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-28223fb92c60243d8521.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":["Woodroffe, John (Arthur Avalon)"],"year":1958,"dateLabel":"1958 CE","id":"keepers-094c79c804a4a947c345","title":"Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra","recordType":"Book","language":"Not specified","sourceName":"Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography","sourceUrl":"https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupid?key=olbp38508","description":"From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.\nSection: Primary Texts, Editions, and Translations.\n\nWoodroffe, John (Arthur Avalon), trans. Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra. Revised edition. Madras: Ganesh & Co., 1958.\n\nBibliographic metadata supplied by the curator; links, availability, and reproduction rights have not been independently verified.\n\nAccess links supplied in the bibliography:\nhttps://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupid?key=olbp38508\nhttps://archive.org/download/Tantric-Texts-Series-CompletePDF-works-of-SirJohnWoodroffe-ArthurAvalon/Tantric-Texts-Series-09-Karpuradi-Stotra-Vimalananda-Swami-1953.pdf","subjects":["Keepers of the Mother’s Flame","Primary Texts, Editions, and Translations","Kali"],"access":"Metadata only","rights":"Bibliographic record only. No source full text is reproduced. Consult the linked provider for access and reproduction rights.","citation":"Woodroffe, John (Arthur Avalon), trans. Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra. Revised edition. Madras: Ganesh & Co., 1958.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/keepers-094c79c804a4a947c345.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-0011","karpuradi_avalon_1922"],"authors":["Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator; Vimalānanda Svāmī, introduction and commentary"],"year":1922,"dateLabel":"1922","id":"kali-0011","title":"Hymn to Kālī: Karpūrādi-stotra","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Luzac & Co., London","sourceUrl":"https://sacred-texts.com/book/hymn-to-kali","description":"This volume gives the twenty-two-verse Karpūrādi-stotra together with explanatory material and Vimalānanda Svāmī's commentary. The hymn is traditionally voiced by Mahākāla and addressed to Dakṣiṇā Kālikā. The edition follows the verses individually, unpacking expressions concerning the Mother, her relationship with Shiva, iconography, mantra, meditative identification and liberation. The first verse's commentary interprets the goddess as the giver of enjoyment or release according to the devotee's disposition; the final verse and colophon explicitly close both hymn and commentary. These internal markers make it possible to verify that the online edition supplies the whole work. The volume is especially valuable for tracing how a Bengali Tantric commentary explains Kali's apparently fierce imagery in theological terms. It also contains illustrations of the goddess and yantras. Traditional attribution to Mahākāla should be recorded separately from the historical authorship and date of the commentary. This edition is a primary source for early twentieth-century English presentation of Kali Tantra, and its doctrinal explanations should not be mistaken for a neutral modern history of all Kali traditions.\n\nKALI-0011 — Kali Library Research Catalogue.\nAccess and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator's 4–5 November 2026 research release, not a new independent verification.\n\nAuthor / attribution: Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator; Vimalānanda Svāmī, introduction and commentary\nPublication: Luzac & Co., London · 1922\nTantrik Texts, no. IX. London: Luzac & Co., 1922.\nFormat / language: Historical book / primary devotional or interpretive source · English; original: Sanskrit\nComposition / textual history: unknown\nIdentifier: karpuradi_avalon_1922\nKali relevance: A complete major hymn to Dakshina Kalika with sustained commentary.\nContext: Tantrik Texts series IX; traditional attribution and historical translation are distinct.\nSubjects: Hymns, Prayers, and Devotional Poetry; Tantras and Esoteric Literature; Temples, Sacred Places, and Historical Worship; Translations and Commentaries\nEvidence / reliability: Primary historical source in a freely accessible transcription; historical claims require comparison with modern scholarship.\nAccess / rights: Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical original and translation are public domain in the United States. Check local jurisdiction before reproduction; link to the hosted edition. Internet Sacred Text Archive requests attribution and noncommercial reuse of its transcription.\n\nSource and alternate access links:\nRead complete text: https://sacred-texts.com/book/hymn-to-kali\nAlternate / related form: https://sacred-texts.com/tantra/htk/index.htm","subjects":["Kali Library Research Catalogue","Hymns, Prayers, and Devotional Poetry","Tantras and Esoteric Literature","Temples, Sacred Places, and Historical Worship","Translations and Commentaries"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical original and translation are public domain in the United States. Check local jurisdiction before reproduction; link to the hosted edition. Internet Sacred Text Archive requests attribution and noncommercial reuse of its transcription. This library links to the source and does not reproduce its full text.","citation":"Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator; Vimalānanda Svāmī, introduction and commentary. Hymn to Kālī: Karpūrādi-stotra. Luzac & Co., London · 1922.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-0011.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":[],"year":null,"dateLabel":"Date not recorded","id":"keepers-1711ec95b3e46c32662b","title":"Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — Internet Archive scan","recordType":"Reference","language":"Not specified","sourceName":"Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/KFFA_hymn-to-kali-karpuradi-stotra-1953.-ganesh-co-arthur-avalon","description":"From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.\nSection: Parallel Editions and Access Records.\n\nHymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — Internet Archive scan. Additional digital edition, repository record, or official access path cited in Chapter 4.\n\nBibliographic metadata supplied by the curator; links, availability, and reproduction rights have not been independently verified.\n\nAccess links supplied in the bibliography:\nhttps://archive.org/details/KFFA_hymn-to-kali-karpuradi-stotra-1953.-ganesh-co-arthur-avalon","subjects":["Keepers of the Mother’s Flame","Parallel Editions and Access Records","Kali"],"access":"Metadata only","rights":"Bibliographic record only. No source full text is reproduced. Consult the linked provider for access and reproduction rights.","citation":"Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — Internet Archive scan. Additional digital edition, repository record, or official access path cited in Chapter 4.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/keepers-1711ec95b3e46c32662b.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":[],"year":null,"dateLabel":"Date not recorded","id":"keepers-d8c5e9fe582038fdb910","title":"Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — scholarly-access text","recordType":"Reference","language":"Not specified","sourceName":"Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography","sourceUrl":"https://sohamhamso.org/te/shakta/karpuradi-stotra","description":"From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.\nSection: Parallel Editions and Access Records.\n\nHymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — scholarly-access text. Additional digital edition, repository record, or official access path cited in Chapter 4.\n\nBibliographic metadata supplied by the curator; links, availability, and reproduction rights have not been independently verified.\n\nAccess links supplied in the bibliography:\nhttps://sohamhamso.org/te/shakta/karpuradi-stotra","subjects":["Keepers of the Mother’s Flame","Parallel Editions and Access Records","Kali"],"access":"Metadata only","rights":"Bibliographic record only. No source full text is reproduced. Consult the linked provider for access and reproduction rights.","citation":"Hymn to Kali: Karpūrādi-Stotra — scholarly-access text. Additional digital edition, repository record, or official access path cited in Chapter 4.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/keepers-d8c5e9fe582038fdb910.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-0009","hymns_goddess_avalon_1913"],"authors":["Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator/compiler"],"year":1913,"dateLabel":"1913","id":"kali-0009","title":"Hymns to the Goddess","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Luzac & Co., London","sourceUrl":"https://sacred-texts.com/book/hymns-to-the-goddess","description":"This anthology brings English translations of goddess hymns into one volume with introductions and explanatory notes. Its sources include the Mahānirvāṇa Tantra, Devī Bhāgavata, Caṇḍī, Mahābhārata, Harivaṃśa, and hymns associated with Śaṅkara. The collection begins with Ādyā Kālī material and extends to such figures as Tārā, Bhairavī, Bhuvaneśvarī, Durgā, Annapūrṇā, Sarasvatī and Mahālakṣmī. It is useful for comparing the language of praise, divine names, and theological equivalences across Shakta texts while keeping each hymn's stated source visible. The Ādyākālīsvarūpastotra provides especially direct Kali material, including the interpretation of names and seed syllables. Because this is a translated anthology rather than a single Sanskrit scripture, its separate hymns should remain distinguishable within the record. Some overlap with Avalon's Mahānirvāṇa translation is genuine textual overlap, not evidence for another independent name tradition. The complete anthology qualifies as its own published work; individual chapters should not be counted again as additional books. The scanned title page identifies London, Luzac, 1913, and the edition includes an errata section.\n\nKALI-0009 — Kali Library Research Catalogue.\nAccess and reliability assessments below are supplied by the curator's 4–5 November 2026 research release, not a new independent verification.\n\nAuthor / attribution: Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator/compiler\nPublication: Luzac & Co., London · 1913\nLondon: Luzac & Co., 1913. Complete anthology, including notes and errata.\nFormat / language: Historical book / primary devotional or interpretive source · English; original: Sanskrit\nComposition / textual history: unknown\nIdentifier: hymns_goddess_avalon_1913\nKali relevance: Substantial Adya Kali material with contextual hymns to related goddesses.\nContext: Early twentieth-century translated Shakta anthology; identifies sources but is not a modern critical edition.\nSubjects: Hymns, Prayers, and Devotional Poetry; Philosophy, Theology, and Comparative Religion; Translations and Commentaries\nEvidence / reliability: Primary historical source in a freely accessible transcription; historical claims require comparison with modern scholarship.\nAccess / rights: Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical original and translation are public domain in the United States. Check local jurisdiction before reproduction; link to the hosted edition. Internet Sacred Text Archive requests attribution and noncommercial reuse of its transcription.\n\nSource and alternate access links:\nRead complete text: https://sacred-texts.com/book/hymns-to-the-goddess\nAlternate / related form: https://sacred-texts.com/tantra/htg/index.htm","subjects":["Kali Library Research Catalogue","Hymns, Prayers, and Devotional Poetry","Philosophy, Theology, and Comparative Religion","Translations and Commentaries"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Complete text checked 2026-11-04. Historical original and translation are public domain in the United States. Check local jurisdiction before reproduction; link to the hosted edition. Internet Sacred Text Archive requests attribution and noncommercial reuse of its transcription. This library links to the source and does not reproduce its full text.","citation":"Arthur Avalon (John Woodroffe), translator/compiler. Hymns to the Goddess. Luzac & Co., London · 1913.","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-0009.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B10-066"],"authors":["Lindsay, Vachel"],"year":1922,"dateLabel":"1922","id":"kali-import-3fc59b1c1e1ed8aa24e1","title":"I Know All This When Gipsy Fiddles Cry (American Poetry 1922)","recordType":"Poetry","language":"English","sourceName":"Wikisource (public domain)","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/American_Poetry_1922/I_Know_All_This_When_Gipsy_Fiddles_Cry","description":"Lindsay poem with a line about killing 'in Kali's name'.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B10-066, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\nHistorical, colonial, missionary, polemical and fictional depictions are evidence of their authors' representations, not neutral descriptions of Kali worship or endorsements of violence. Named chapters and translated fiction retain their bounded scope and translation attribution.\n\n#: 66\nTitle: I Know All This When Gipsy Fiddles Cry (American Poetry 1922)\nAuthors: Lindsay, Vachel\nRecord type: Poem\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1922\nSource / Publisher: Wikisource (public domain)\nFull-text URL: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/American_Poetry_1922/I_Know_All_This_When_Gipsy_Fiddles_Cry\nSubjects: American poetry; Kali\nDescription: Lindsay poem with a line about killing 'in Kali's name'.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 1,411-record catalogue + batches 1-9, 5 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-9)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 10, November 2026","American poetry","Kali"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Lindsay, Vachel. I Know All This When Gipsy Fiddles Cry (American Poetry 1922). Wikisource (public domain). 1922. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/American_Poetry_1922/I_Know_All_This_When_Gipsy_Fiddles_Cry","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-3fc59b1c1e1ed8aa24e1.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50B3-023"],"authors":["Swami Nirmalananda Giri (Abbot George Burke)"],"year":2022,"dateLabel":"2022 online","id":"kali-fifty3-023","title":"I Meet God in Stone","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Kali Mandir","sourceUrl":"https://www.kalimandir.org/post/i-meet-god-in-stone","access":"Open access","description":"Complete first-person essay about sacred forms and personal experiences including Kali shrine practice in Ranchi.\n\nCurator source KALI-50B3-023. Practitioner records and Kali Mandir writings. Research supplement dated 5 November 2026.\nAccess, completeness, dates and scholarly or devotional assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Contemporary lineage teachings, miracle accounts and astrological correspondences are attributed testimony, not independently established historical or scientific facts. Full source content is linked, not reproduced.\n\n\n\n23. I Meet God in Stone\nSwami Nirmalananda Giri (Abbot George Burke)  |  2022 online\nComplete first-person essay about sacred forms and personal experiences including Kali shrine practice in Ranchi.\nRead complete source: Full text\nEditorial note: Autobiographical practitioner account.\n\nSource and installment links:\nFull text: https://www.kalimandir.org/post/i-meet-god-in-stone","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — Batch 3, November 2026","Practitioner records and Kali Mandir writings"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading access, not a blanket republication licence. Follow the linked host's copyright and reuse conditions. No source text, manuscript scan or collection image is reproduced here.","citation":"Swami Nirmalananda Giri (Abbot George Burke). I Meet God in Stone. Kali Mandir. 2022 online. https://www.kalimandir.org/post/i-meet-god-in-stone","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty3-023.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50B2-008"],"authors":["Nalini Kanta Bhattasali"],"year":1929,"dateLabel":"1929","id":"kali-fifty2-008","title":"Iconography of Buddhist and Brahmanical Sculptures in the Dacca Museum","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Dacca: Rai S. N. Bhadra Bahadur, Honorary Secretary, Dacca Museum Committee","sourceUrl":"https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/15293.pdf","access":"Open access","description":"Foundational study of Bengal sculpture. Includes a dedicated illustrated Chamunda section beginning on printed p.207, tracing her origin in the Devi Mahatmya, varieties described in Sanskrit texts, and surviving museum images; also discusses Ugra-Tara and other Shakta forms.\n\nCurator source KALI-50B2-008. Scholarship and historical studies. Export dated 5 November 2026.\nAccess, completeness and scholarly assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Full texts are linked, not reproduced.\n\n08  Iconography of Buddhist and Brahmanical Sculptures in the Dacca Museum\nNalini Kanta Bhattasali • 1929\nScholarly museum monograph • English\nDacca: Rai S. N. Bhadra Bahadur, Honorary Secretary, Dacca Museum Committee\nFoundational study of Bengal sculpture. Includes a dedicated illustrated Chamunda section beginning on printed p.207, tracing her origin in the Devi Mahatmya, varieties described in Sanskrit texts, and surviving museum images; also discusses Ugra-Tara and other Shakta forms.\nAccess check: Complete 472-page IGNCA scan downloaded freely. Title, Chamunda section and image, index, final numbered text page and final plates visually inspected. An alternative damaged PDF was rejected.\nFull text: https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/15293.pdf\n\nSource and installment links:\nhttps://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/15293.pdf: https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/15293.pdf","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — Batch 2, November 2026","Scholarship and historical studies"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading access, not a blanket republication licence. Follow the linked host's copyright and reuse conditions. No full source text is reproduced. Complete 472-page IGNCA scan downloaded freely. Title, Chamunda section and image, index, final numbered text page and final plates visually inspected. An alternative damaged PDF was rejected.","citation":"Nalini Kanta Bhattasali. Iconography of Buddhist and Brahmanical Sculptures in the Dacca Museum. Dacca: Rai S. N. Bhadra Bahadur, Honorary Secretary, Dacca Museum Committee. 1929. Scholarly museum monograph. https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/15293.pdf","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty2-008.html"},{"alternateTitles":[],"authors":["West Bengal Pollution Control Board"],"year":null,"dateLabel":"Date not recorded","id":"keepers-2f4c9a26ce22f857abd0","title":"Idol Immersion Procedure","recordType":"Reference","language":"Not specified","sourceName":"Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbpcb.gov.in/writereaddata/files/idol_immersion_procedure.pdf","description":"From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.\nSection: Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources.\n\nWest Bengal Pollution Control Board. “Idol Immersion Procedure.”\n\nBibliographic metadata supplied by the curator; links, availability, and reproduction rights have not been independently verified.\n\nAccess links supplied in the bibliography:\nhttps://www.wbpcb.gov.in/writereaddata/files/idol_immersion_procedure.pdf","subjects":["Keepers of the Mother’s Flame","Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources","Bengal"],"access":"Metadata only","rights":"Bibliographic record only. No source full text is reproduced. Consult the linked provider for access and reproduction rights.","citation":"West Bengal Pollution Control Board. “Idol Immersion Procedure.”","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/keepers-2f4c9a26ce22f857abd0.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B4-012"],"authors":["Thornton, Edward"],"year":1837,"dateLabel":"1837","id":"kali-import-2b09e4c94a473e0a741f","title":"Illustrations of the History and Practices of the Thugs","recordType":"Book","language":"English","sourceName":"Internet Archive (Google Books scan)","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/illustrationshi00thorgoog","description":"Compilation of East India Company material on thuggee and its Kali/Bhavani associations.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B4-012, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 12\nTitle: Illustrations of the History and Practices of the Thugs\nAuthors: Thornton, Edward\nRecord type: Book\nLanguage: English\nYear: 1837\nSource / Publisher: Internet Archive (Google Books scan)\nFull-text URL: https://archive.org/details/illustrationshi00thorgoog\nSubjects: Thuggee; Colonial Sources\nDescription: Compilation of East India Company material on thuggee and its Kali/Bhavani associations.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 672-record catalogue + batches 1-3, 4 Nov 2026): No URL, title or object-number match (catalogue or batches 1-3)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 4, November 2026","Thuggee","Colonial Sources"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"Thornton, Edward. Illustrations of the History and Practices of the Thugs. Internet Archive (Google Books scan). 1837. https://archive.org/details/illustrationshi00thorgoog","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-2b09e4c94a473e0a741f.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50-007"],"authors":["Reshma Daya Chhiba"],"year":2013,"dateLabel":"2013","id":"kali-fifty-007","title":"Images of Kali as reflections of female defiance within selected examples of contemporary Asian arts","recordType":"Dissertation","language":"English","sourceName":"University of the Witwatersrand","sourceUrl":"https://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/bitstreams/3d3b308a-dd96-4e37-a18f-72f31ee18868/download","access":"Open access","description":"Studies Kali in contemporary art, female defiance, Sutapa Biswas, Chila Kumari Burman, and the author's South African Indian artistic practice.\n\nCurator source KALI-50-007. Scholarship and field research. Export dated 5 November 2026.\nAccess, completeness and scholarly assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Full texts are linked, not reproduced.\n\n07  Images of Kali as reflections of female defiance within selected examples of contemporary Asian arts\nReshma Daya Chhiba • 2013\nUniversity dissertation • English\nUniversity of the Witwatersrand\nStudies Kali in contemporary art, female defiance, Sutapa Biswas, Chila Kumari Burman, and the author's South African Indian artistic practice.\nAccess: Complete 106-page public university PDF, including the repository cover, dissertation chapters and ending; no institutional login required.\nFull text: https://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/bitstreams/3d3b308a-dd96-4e37-a18f-72f31ee18868/download","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — November 2026","Scholarship and field research","Theses and Dissertations"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading access, not a blanket republication licence. Follow the linked host's copyright and reuse conditions. No full source text is reproduced. Curator access note: Complete 106-page public university PDF, including the repository cover, dissertation chapters and ending; no institutional login required.","citation":"Reshma Daya Chhiba. Images of Kali as reflections of female defiance within selected examples of contemporary Asian arts. University of the Witwatersrand. 2013. University dissertation • English","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty-007.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-100B2-063"],"authors":["DAG Editorial Team"],"year":2024,"dateLabel":"2024","id":"kali-import-f1d4833e327ef8b757ea","title":"Images of Kalighat: Views around a Temple Neighbourhood","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"DAG (art gallery journal)","sourceUrl":"https://dagworld.com/images-of-kalighat-views-around-a-temple-neighbourhood.html","description":"Art-historical overview of Kalighat's mythology, architecture and changing reputation.\n\nCurator source KALI-100B2-063, from the paired 100-source CSV/spreadsheet.\nMetadata and access descriptions below are supplied by the curator export, not a new independent verification by this library. Museum images/records and audio are not represented as complete written texts.\n\n#: 63\nTitle: Images of Kalighat: Views around a Temple Neighbourhood\nAuthors: DAG Editorial Team\nRecord type: Article\nLanguage: English\nYear: 2024\nSource / Publisher: DAG (art gallery journal)\nFull-text URL: https://dagworld.com/images-of-kalighat-views-around-a-temple-neighbourhood.html\nSubjects: Kalighat; Art History\nDescription: Art-historical overview of Kalighat's mythology, architecture and changing reputation.\nAccess: Free full text\nDedupe check (vs. 444-record catalogue + batch 1, 4 Nov 2026): No URL or title match (catalogue or batch 1)","subjects":["100-Source Research Supplement — Batch 2, November 2026","Kalighat","Art History"],"access":"Open access","rights":"Curator-reported source access: Free full text. Free reading, record/image viewing or streaming does not grant republication rights. No source text, audio or collection image is reproduced here; follow the host's specific copyright and licence.","citation":"DAG Editorial Team. Images of Kalighat: Views around a Temple Neighbourhood. DAG (art gallery journal). 2024. https://dagworld.com/images-of-kalighat-views-around-a-temple-neighbourhood.html","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-import-f1d4833e327ef8b757ea.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50B4-005"],"authors":["Vivian Kondos (also published as Vivienne Kondos)"],"year":1985,"dateLabel":"1985","id":"kali-fifty4-005","title":"Images of the Hindu Fierce Mother Goddess and Experiences of Mother","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"Kailash — Digital Himalaya archive","sourceUrl":"https://d1i1jdw69xsqx0.cloudfront.net/digitalhimalaya/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_12_0304_02.pdf","access":"Open access","description":"Kondos examines how the fierce mother goddess, especially Kali, has been interpreted in anthropological and psychoanalytic writing. The article challenges readings that treat terrifying imagery and blood sacrifice chiefly as expressions of male anxiety about mothers. Drawing on Nepalese religious understandings, ritual descriptions and Sanskrit textual interpretations, it argues that ferocity can express protection and transformative power rather than simple malevolence. Discussions of sacrificial implements, offerings and cosmological processes place the imagery in its ritual setting. The later sections turn to women as wives, mothers and daughters, questioning whether theories centered on the mother–son relationship obscure the social costs of marriage, gender hierarchy and exclusion from particular ritual powers. It is useful for the history of scholarship on Kali, the interpretation of sacrifice, and critical comparison of goddess imagery with women’s lived positions. Its broad assertions about Hindu and Western thought belong to a particular 1980s theoretical debate and should not be presented as a neutral account of every Hindu community.\n\nCurator source KALI-50B4-005. Scholarship and historical studies. Research supplement dated 5 November 2026.\nExcept where specific checks are described below, source access, completeness and scholarly or devotional assessments are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Comparative goddess identities, healing claims and devotional interpretations are attributed, not established universal or clinical facts. Full source content is linked, not reproduced.\n\n\n\n05. Images of the Hindu Fierce Mother Goddess and Experiences of Mother\nAuthor/editor: Vivian Kondos (name as printed; also published as Vivienne Kondos)  |  1985\nType / language: Complete scholarly journal article  |  English\nKondos examines how the fierce mother goddess, especially Kali, has been interpreted in anthropological and psychoanalytic writing. The article challenges readings that treat terrifying imagery and blood sacrifice chiefly as expressions of male anxiety about mothers. Drawing on Nepalese religious understandings, ritual descriptions and Sanskrit textual interpretations, it argues that ferocity can express protection and transformative power rather than simple malevolence. Discussions of sacrificial implements, offerings and cosmological processes place the imagery in its ritual setting. The later sections turn to women as wives, mothers and daughters, questioning whether theories centered on the mother–son relationship obscure the social costs of marriage, gender hierarchy and exclusion from particular ritual powers. It is useful for the history of scholarship on Kali, the interpretation of sacrifice, and critical comparison of goddess imagery with women’s lived positions. Its broad assertions about Hindu and Western thought belong to a particular 1980s theoretical debate and should not be presented as a neutral account of every Hindu community.\nRead the complete source: Open full-text document\nhttps://d1i1jdw69xsqx0.cloudfront.net/digitalhimalaya/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_12_0304_02.pdf\nAccess check: Complete freely readable archival PDF downloaded without payment or registration on 2026-11-05.\n\nSource links:\nhttps://d1i1jdw69xsqx0.cloudfront.net/digitalhimalaya/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_12_0304_02.pdf","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — Batch 4, November 2026","Scholarship and historical studies"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading is not a blanket republication licence. Follow each source's copyright and reuse conditions; third-party images may have different rights from the article text. No full texts or scans are reproduced here. Complete freely readable archival PDF downloaded without payment or registration on 2026-11-05.","citation":"Vivian Kondos (also published as Vivienne Kondos). Images of the Hindu Fierce Mother Goddess and Experiences of Mother. Kailash — Digital Himalaya archive. 1985. https://d1i1jdw69xsqx0.cloudfront.net/digitalhimalaya/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_12_0304_02.pdf","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty4-005.html"},{"alternateTitles":["KALI-50-008"],"authors":["Ankita Pati","Raj Sekhar Choudhury"],"year":2024,"dateLabel":"2024","id":"kali-fifty-008","title":"Impact of Tribal Iconography on the Architecture of Temples in Odisha in India","recordType":"Article","language":"English","sourceName":"ISVS e-journal","sourceUrl":"https://isvshome.com/pdf/ISVS_11-01/ISVSej_11.01.13.pdf","access":"Open access","description":"Examines tribal contributions to temple iconography including Chamunda and related fierce goddess forms.\n\nCurator source KALI-50-008. Scholarship and field research. Export dated 5 November 2026.\nAccess, completeness and scholarly assessments below are supplied by the curator document, not a new independent verification by this library. Full texts are linked, not reproduced.\n\n08  Impact of Tribal Iconography on the Architecture of Temples in Odisha in India\nAnkita Pati; Raj Sekhar Choudhury • 2024\nJournal article • English\nISVS e-journal 11(1), 205–220\nExamines tribal contributions to temple iconography including Chamunda and related fierce goddess forms.\nAccess: Complete 16-page publisher PDF, including bibliography; ISVS e-journal 11(1), pp. 205–220.\nFull text: https://isvshome.com/pdf/ISVS_11-01/ISVSej_11.01.13.pdf","subjects":["50 Full-Text Sources — November 2026","Scholarship and field research"],"rights":"Curator-reported free reading access, not a blanket republication licence. Follow the linked host's copyright and reuse conditions. No full source text is reproduced. Curator access note: Complete 16-page publisher PDF, including bibliography; ISVS e-journal 11(1), pp. 205–220.","citation":"Ankita Pati; Raj Sekhar Choudhury. Impact of Tribal Iconography on the Architecture of Temples in Odisha in India. ISVS e-journal. 2024. Journal article • English","catalogueUrl":"https://kalidevotion.com/library-directory/records/kali-fifty-008.html"}]}