Browse 2,010 curated Kali Ma source records with authors, languages, dates, citations and original source links. Directory page 23 of 42.
This directory and every linked record are readable without JavaScript, login or a search form. It covers sacred texts, scholarly studies, historical documents, devotional writing, artworks and related cultural sources. Individual records distinguish full texts, external access and metadata-only references.
Neha Pandey — 2024
Article · English · Open access
Complete independently authored article on the shift toward Kalighat painting and the cultural economy of temple-region images; pages 234–250 in this full journal issue.
Source: Dialog, issue 44, Autumn 2024, pp. 234–250
Original source or repositoryHindu Press International — 2003
Article · English · Open access
Consecration of a Kali kovil in Mauritius.
Source: Hinduism Today, HPI
Original source or repositoryFreek L. Bakker — 2002
Article · Dutch · Open access
Historical comparison of Indo-Caribbean religion, including a substantive discussion of the revival of Kali Mai worship in Suriname, Trinidad, and Guyana and the formation of new temples.
Source: OSO / DBNL
Original source or repositoryMitra, Dinabandhu — 1861
Book · English · Open access
Peasants cry out 'Kali! Kali! Durga!' in the indigo-revolt play.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryAnonymous or traditional authorship — Undated manuscript; digitized/uploaded 2017; composition date not established
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
A fifteen-chapter Kali–Kaula Tantra covering Dakshina Kali, the Mahavidyas, initiation, mantra, inner and outer worship, and ritual disciplines. The manuscript supplies the actual Sanskrit primary text, rather than a modern chapter summary.
Source: Dharmartha Trust / Raghunath Temple Manuscript Library, Jammu; digitized by eGangotri
Original source or repositoryAnonymous or traditional authorship — 2008 digital transcription; underlying composition/edition date not established
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
A fourteen-chapter dialogue on Shakta cosmology, Kali and ritual life. The opening places Mahakali at the source of divine manifestation. This is the Nirvana Tantra, a distinct work from the Mahanirvana Tantra already represented in the library.
Source: Muktabodha Indological Research Institute
Original source or repositoryUnknown — Date not established
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
Complete romanized Sanskrit manuscript transcription of an extended Guhyakali puja cycle, with manuscript ending included.
Source: Muktabodha/NGMCP — transcription M00557
Original source or repositoryUnknown — 1887
Scripture · Bengali · Open access
Bengali compendium of daily tantric worship, part 1.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryUnknown — 1891
Scripture · Bengali · Open access
Part 2 of the Bengali daily-worship tantric compendium.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryDezső, Csaba — 2020 CE
Article · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositorySwinburne, Algernon Charles — 1875
Article · English · Open access
Swinburne compares a creed to 'the faith of Moloch or of Kali'.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryUnknown (Kolkata) — ca. 1890s-1900
Museum record · English · Open access
Gouache of the dancing Kali.
Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2024.462
Original source or repositorySmithsonian National Museum of Asian Art — 2026
Reference · English · Open access
A complete accessible transcript of an exhibition on painting in the Himalayan hill kingdoms. The section on the glittering goddess discusses a Bhadrakali image in which Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva attend her, and explains the role of brilliant materials in the painting. Later labels place goddess imagery within the wider development of Pahari court painting. The resource is useful for comparing the
Source: Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art
Original source or repositoryMcDaniel, June — 2004 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryBhattacharyya, Swarup — 2022
Museum record · English · Open access
Documentary photograph of Kali worship at Bargabhima Temple, West Bengal, with field metadata.
Source: British Museum Endangered Material Knowledge Programme, 2022SG04-R01-1257
Original source or repositoryDakshineswar Kali Temple and Debottar Estate — Date not recorded
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryAuthor unrecorded — Date not recorded
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Parallel Editions and Access Records.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryCaldwell, Sarah — 1999 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryRavi Varma Press — 1915
Museum record · English · Open access
Cambridge museum record of a c. 1915 print of Kali standing on Shiva.
Source: Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge
Original source or repositoryEdgar Thurston — 1912
Book · English · Open access
Records southern ritual traditions, including Bhadrakali floor paintings, Tiyattu or Theeyattu performance and the Darika narrative. Printed pages 114–115 are a useful starting point. This is colonial ethnography, with terminology and judgments characteristic of its period.
Source: gutenberg.org
Original source or repositoryMoodie, Deonnie — 2019 CE
Article · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryPratha Editorial Team — 2023
Article · English · Open access
Argues for reading Kali through Shakta and Tantra traditions, not Western frameworks.
Source: Pratha Cultural School
Original source or repositoryPenny, F. E. — 1908
Book · English · Open access
Fisherfolk attribute cholera to the goddess Kali.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryPenny, F. E. — 1908
Book · English · Open access
Sacrifices to Karmachi, a form of Kali.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryChaudhuri, Sangita — 2001
Dissertation · English · Open access
Full doctoral study of Kali's iconography from origins onward, with illustrations (CC BY-NC-SA).
Source: University of Calcutta (PhD), Shodhganga
Original source or repositoryUnknown — 1874
Book · English · Open access
Victorian-era essay on the origins of Bengal's goddess festival.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryStephenson, Jackson Barkley — 2023/4
Article · English · Open access
Reassesses the language and religious setting of Śitikaṇṭha’s Mahānayaprakāśa, a text associated with the Krama tradition. Stephenson argues that its verses should be recognized as Apabhraṃśa and studied alongside related Buddhist esoteric verse rather than being separated as evidence of early Kashmiri. The article includes a translation of the fourth chapter, where the body becomes the sacred des
Source: Religions
Original source or repositoryNicole Hembroff — 2010
Thesis · English · Open access
Chapter 3 treats Kali and Lakshmi as contrasting models for women; dedicated Kali discussion begins on printed p.81 and considers Kali’s fierce imagery, motherhood and orthodox interpretation, followed by menstruation and Kamakhya. A substantial Kali-focused section within a broader thesis.
Source: MA thesis, Religious Studies, University of Lethbridge
Original source or repositoryKali Mandir institutional text — Current page
Reference · English · Open access
Full organizational account of spiritual influences shaping the temple’s Kali devotion.
Source: Kali Mandir
Original source or repositoryPillai, Sohini Sarah — 2026
Article · English · Open access
Essay reading Stranger Things' Kali Prasad through the goddess.
Source: Religion Dispatches
Original source or repositoryInglis, James — 1887
Book · English · Open access
Compares a landscape to 'Kali, or Doorga, the goddess of wrath'.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryThurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K. — 1909
Reference · English · Open access
Entry on Malabar exorcists and their Bhadrakali rites.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryTraditional attribution to the Pāṇḍavas — undated; digital edition
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
A short, distinct prayer to Kātyāyanī invoking the goddess as protector and source of strength. Included as name-related literature: Kātyāyanī is one of the forms explicitly included in the site’s 108-name research, not a text exclusively about Bengali Kālī.
Source: Sanskrit Documents volunteer project
Original source or repositoryDas, Deeptangshu — 2018
Article · English · Open access
Reads the ambivalent, maternal-yet-terrifying Kali of Bankim's 1866 novel Kapalakundala.
Source: Dibrugarh University Journal of English Studies 26, pp. 76-81
Original source or repositoryThurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K. — 1909
Reference · English · Open access
Entry on the Paraiyans, including a buffalo sacrifice to the goddess at Mangalam.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryThurston, Edgar — 1909
Reference · English · Open access
Caste entry noting special worship of Bhadrakali at Aranmula.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositorySinha, Dibyendu — 2023
Article · English · Open access
Kali Puja crowds at Jalpaiguri's Devi Chaudhurani cremation-ground Kali temple.
Source: Millennium Post
Original source or repositoryAnu Lakshmi Babu — 2026
Article · English · Open access
Complete academic discussion of Narayana Guru’s Kali Natakam, with attention to protest, voice and gender; distinct from the original Malayalam poem.
Source: FORTELL
Original source or repositoryRasika Mohana Chattopadhyaya (editor) — 2008; 2008 digital transcription; underlying edition late nineteenth century.
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
A twenty-one-chapter ritual text with substantial Bhadrakali and Mahakali material. Chapters 8–9 treat Bhadrakali, and chapter 12 addresses Mahakali mantras. Useful for studying fierce-goddess worship and its ritual vocabulary.
Source: Muktabodha; based on a late nineteenth-century Bengali-script edition from Calcutta
Original source or repositoryBrown, Percy — 1912
Book · English · Open access
Art historian's account of Kathmandu festivals, including a women's procession for Kali.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryThurston, Edgar — 1909
Reference · English · Open access
Kerala priests who worship Bhadrakali.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repositoryMorinis, E. Alan — 1984 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryDol Raj Kafle — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Examines pilgrimage tourism at the Dakshinkali temple south of Kathmandu, connecting the site’s religious importance with its historical narratives and local economy. The article discusses visitors, temple-related activity, and the opportunities and pressures associated with pilgrimage development. It supplies a concise regional account of a major Kali shrine in Nepal and is useful alongside ethno
Source: Patan Prospective Campus / Nepal Journals Online
Original source or repositoryRabindranath Tagore; Finnish translation by J. A. (Juho Aukusti) Hollo — 1924; Gutenberg release 14 February 2023
Book · Finnish · Open access
Hollo’s Finnish anthology opens with Uhri, the translation of Tagore’s Sacrifice, before presenting six further dramas. The first play makes Kali worship the setting for a dispute between a king who rejects animal sacrifice and a priest who insists on its authority. The dialogue names Kali as Mother and Mahakali as the goddess of time, while the plot examines obedience, love and the use of divine
Source: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava, Helsinki; digital text Project Gutenberg
Original source or repositorySharma, Parul — 2022
Article · English · Open access
The temple's dargah history and the 2022 flag ceremony.
Source: DNA India
Original source or repositoryMa Basanti Cakrabartti and Ramlal Dasdatta; English translations by Rachel Fell McDermott — n.d.
Poetry · English · Open access
The page supplies full written English translations of two poems to Kali as well as audio performances. One uses the devotee’s inner life and a cremation-ground setting to address the Mother; the other asks her to appear in a more approachable domestic form. These contrasting voices are useful for presenting the emotional range of Bengali goddess devotion. The named poets are Ma Basanti Cakrabartt
Source: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Original source or repositoryRasheda Parveen and Akshaya K. Rath — 2018-05-07
Article · English · Open access
Parveen and Rath examine how colonial accounts connected Kali worship with thuggee. Reading administrative records alongside travel writing and fiction, particularly Meadows Taylor, they argue that British classification helped consolidate a religious explanation of banditry. Their discussion also applies psychoanalytic ideas about motherhood and family to these representations. This is useful for
Source: AesthetixMS, Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities
Original source or repositoryBidyalankar, Ramtoshan (comp.) — 1928 ed.
Scripture · Bengali · Open access
Edition of the Pranatoshini, the great 19th-century Bengali Shakta tantric digest.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository