Browse 2,010 curated Kali Ma source records with authors, languages, dates, citations and original source links. Directory page 24 of 42.
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It covers sacred texts, scholarly studies, historical documents, devotional writing, artworks and related cultural sources.
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Rāmatoṣaṇa Bhaṭṭācārya (compiler); Jīvānanda Vidyāsāgara Bhaṭṭācārya (publisher/editor) — 1898; second printed edition (repository date)
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
A large compendium of Tantric doctrine and ritual, with extensive Kali and Mahavidya material. The complete scanned edition supplies the surrounding ritual discussions as well as prayers quoted separately in modern collections. Count the entire book as one source.
Source: Second edition; Calcutta Yantra; Digital Library of India / Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Unknown — n.d.
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
Morning-rite manual with a Kalika hymn.
Source: Jagannath Bhattarai Collection, Nepal, via Internet Archive (CC0)
Original source or repository
Anjana Raghavan — 2019
Article · English · Open access
Raghavan brings Kali into a contemporary queer-feminist and decolonial argument about spiritual knowledge, embodiment and resistance. The essay combines personal reflection with interpretations of translated Tamil poetry by Malathi Maithri, Sukirtharani and N. D. Rajkumar. Its account of sacred experience challenges the separation of intellectual inquiry from emotional and bodily knowledge, while
Source: Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive — accepted manuscript
Original source or repository
Mello, Marcelo Moura — 2020
Article · Portuguese · Open access
Ethnography of how murtis are made, adorned and consecrated in a Guyanese Kali temple.
Source: Etnográfica 24(2)
Original source or repository
Crawford, John Martin (trans.) — 1888
Book · English · Open access
Translator's preface comparing a Finnish figure to Kali.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repository
P. I. Ajithan — 2023
Article · English · Open access
Investigates the transmission and ritual systems of Kerala Śākta Brahmins and the relationship with Kashmiri traditions. Valuable contextual evidence for priesthood and Tantric lineage history.
Source: Assonance 23(1), 2023; printed pp. 74–approximately 88
Original source or repository
Zamor, Hélène — 2017
Article · English · Open access
Indo-Caribbean revival in Guadeloupe and Martinique, including 'Mother Kali', Maliémin (Mariamman) and Maldévilin worship.
Source: Journal of Eastern Caribbean Studies 42(2), via Stanford Humanities Center Arcade
Original source or repository
Muktabodha Indological Research Institute — Date not recorded
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Gill, Mehr; Roychowdhury, Adrija — 2021
Article · English · Open access
History of the Ramna Kali temple, its destruction in 1971 and its 2021 rebuilding.
Source: The Indian Express, republished by Architexturez South Asia
Original source or repository
Government of India — 2001 CE
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Legal Authorities and Legislation.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Unknown (India) — 19th c.
Museum record · English · Open access
Painting of priests performing Kali worship.
Source: Minneapolis Institute of Art, 64.65.24
Original source or repository
Bhattacharya, Shiva Chandra Vidyarnava; Avalon, Arthur (ed.) — 1914
Book · English · Open access
A Bengali tantric pandit's defence of Shakta tantra, edited by Woodroffe.
Source: University of Illinois copy, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Horniman Museum — n.d.
Museum record · English · Open access
Devotional print of the goddess as Kali fighting evil.
Source: Horniman Museum, nn1962xviii
Original source or repository
Sheetal Vaidya; Asha Paudel — 2017
Article · English · Open access
Field report on the Kali temple's sacred grove, community stewardship, ritual plants and protective taboos, supported by photographs and interviews.
Source: Terralingua / Langscape
Original source or repository
Zee Zest — 2024
Article · English · Open access
Timing, history and rites of Kali Puja.
Source: Zee Zest
Original source or repository
Bühnemann, Gudrun — 1988 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Smithsonian Institution — 1997
Article · English · Open access
This concise educational text describes a Kali-Ma shrine in eastern Uttar Pradesh. It explains how a sacred tree, a stone form, tridents, and terracotta offerings make the outdoor setting a place of worship. The account is valuable evidence for forms of local devotion that do not depend on a monumental temple or an anthropomorphic image. Its statements about the benefits worshippers seek are descr
Source: Smithsonian Institution
Original source or repository
FPJ Web Desk — 2025
Article · English · Open access
25th Shyama Kali Puja of Pune's Bengalis.
Source: Free Press Journal
Original source or repository
Rajendran, Abhilash — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Dacoit Kali temple linked to Sarada Devi's story.
Source: Hindu Blog
Original source or repository
Suzanne C. Persard — 2026
Article · English · Open access
Ethnographic study of queer and trans Indo-Caribbean Kali devotees in New York City. It examines ritual participation, religious kinship and diaspora identity. Kali worship is the central subject throughout. The findings concern these historically specific communities and should not be generalized to every Hindu religious setting.
Source: Caribbean Review of Gender Studies; The University of the West Indies
Original source or repository
Padoux, André — 2004
Article · French · Open access
Review of McDermott's study of Kali and Uma in Bengali devotional poetry.
Source: Archives de sciences sociales des religions (OpenEdition Journals)
Original source or repository
Unknown (Kalighat) — late 19th c.
Museum record · English · Open access
Kalighat painting of the Krishna-Kali story in which Krishna becomes Kali.
Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2024.413.1
Original source or repository
Unknown — n.d.
Museum record · English · Open access
Watercolour of the protective Raksha Kali.
Source: Wellcome Collection (Public Domain Mark)
Original source or repository
Author unrecorded — 1978 CE
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Legal Authorities and Legislation.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
New International Encyclopædia — 1905
Reference · English · Open access
Early encyclopedia article on Ramakrishna, the Kali priest of Dakshineswar.
Source: Wikisource (public domain)
Original source or repository
Sen, Amiya P. — 2010 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
The Wire — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Reads Kali in Ramakrishna's and Vivekananda's writings amid a 2022 public controversy.
Source: The Wire (Religion)
Original source or repository
F. Max Müller — 1898
Book · English · Open access
Müller's book combines discussion of Indian religious teachers and traditions with a biography of Ramakrishna and a numbered collection of 395 sayings. The life narrative describes the Kali temple at Dakshineswar, Ramakrishna's family and early religious setting, his service as a priest and his intense devotional experiences. The sayings repeatedly use concrete images from domestic life, nature an
Source: Longmans, Green and Co.
Original source or repository
Steven F. Walker — 2011
Article · English · Open access
Interprets Ramakrishna’s realization of Kali as the totality of cosmic energy and examines the relation between devotional struggle, nondual realization and the Divine Mother. Kali realization drives the main argument.
Source: americanvedantist.org
Original source or repository
Sil, Narasingha Prosad — 2016
Article · English · Open access
Re-examines the ecstatic states of Ramakrishna, priest of the Kali temple at Dakshineswar.
Source: The South Asianist 4(2), University of Edinburgh
Original source or repository
Sleeman, W. H. — 1836
Book · English · Open access
Colonial officer's primary source on the thugs and their goddess cult; read as colonial construction.
Source: Wellcome Collection copy, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Nessa, Fazilatun — n.d.
Reference · English · Open access
Encyclopedia entry on the Dhaka Kali temple and Anandamayi ashram destroyed in 1971.
Source: Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
Original source or repository
Gangopadhyay, Anadi Charan — 1941
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali book on Ramprasad's life and songs.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Mukhopadhyay, Keshabchandra — 1949
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali book on Ramprasad's life and songs.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Chattopadhyay, Jogindranath — 1917
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali biography of the poet-devotee of Kali.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Ghosh, Jogendranath; Ray, Rakhaldas (ed.) — 1928
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali life and selections of Ramprasad Sen.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Parabaas — n.d.
Reference · English · Open access
Short sketch of Ramprasad and his Kali songs.
Source: Parabaas (translation database)
Original source or repository
Abhik Ganguly — 2025
Article · English · Open access
Studies Ramprasad’s Kali poems, theological imagination and political uses under colonial rule.
Source: drishtithesight.com
Original source or repository
Unknown — n.d.
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
Loose folios of a Kalika hymn.
Source: Dogri Sanstha, Jammu, via Internet Archive (CC0)
Original source or repository
Elizabeth Usha Harding — 2022 online
Article · English · Open access
Complete biographical essay recounting the patronage and circumstances surrounding the Dakshineswar Kali temple.
Source: Kali Mandir
Original source or repository
Press Trust of India — 2022
Article · English · Open access
A Kali temple built in 1972 by the Border Security Force as a war memorial.
Source: Mpositive
Original source or repository
Bhattacharjya, Surendramohan — 1909
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali treatise on aesthetic emotion and Shakti practice.
Source: West Bengal Public Library Network / DLI, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository
Author unrecorded — Date not recorded
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Author unrecorded — Date not recorded
Reference · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Parallel Editions and Access Records.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Unknown — n.d.
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
The Night Hymn (to Ratri/Kalaratri) with the Saptashati.
Source: Rare manuscripts, via Internet Archive (CC0)
Original source or repository
Jutimala Misra; Manjil Hazarika; Jiban Kalita — 2022–2023
Article · English · Open access
Short, focused archaeological report on metal finds associated with the Gojapara Kali temple; directly useful for temple material culture.
Source: Heritage 10 (2022–2023)
Original source or repository
Nabokov, Isabelle — 2000 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18.
Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repository
Aline Grünewald; Fernanda Winter — 2017
Article · Portuguese · Open access
Comparative study of goddesses and the many meanings of the feminine in Hindu religion, including sustained discussion of Kālī.
Source: Sacrilegens — Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
Original source or repository