Browse 2,010 curated Kali Ma source records with authors, languages, dates, citations and original source links. Directory page 25 of 42.
This directory and every linked record are readable without JavaScript, login or a search form. It covers sacred texts, scholarly studies, historical documents, devotional writing, artworks and related cultural sources. Individual records distinguish full texts, external access and metadata-only references.
Sukanya Sarbadhikary — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Study of ritual sound and Bengali goddess practice; includes the transition of Kālī worship from private/esoteric circles to public ritual space. Kali is a substantial historical example, not the sole subject.
Source: Religions 13(8), 707 — DOI 10.3390/rel13080707
Original source or repositoryMansi Bose — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Examines Kali Mai worship, heritage, ethnicity and religious change in postcolonial Trinidad.
Source: theachieversjournal.com
Original source or repositoryArvind, T. T. — 2022 CE
Article · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryMd. Iqbal Sultan — 2019
Article · English · Open access
Studies the relationship between pilgrimage, local economies and environmental management at the Dakshineswar and Adyapeath Kali temple sites, with maps and context.
Source: internationaljournalssrg.org
Original source or repositoryHans Mattson — Late nineteenth century
Book · English · Open access
A historical account of a visit to the Kali temple near Calcutta and a conversation with its chief priest, accompanied by an illustration of the goddess; use with source-critical caveats.
Source: Project Gutenberg
Original source or repositoryAzema, France — 2021
Article · French · Open access
French-language introduction to Kali's myth, image and Ramprasad's poetry.
Source: Le Petit Journal (Inde)
Original source or repositoryBiernacki, Loriliai — 2007 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositorySleeman, W. H. — 1840
Reference · English · Open access
Official report underpinning the colonial 'Kali-worshipping thug' narrative.
Source: Wellcome Collection copy, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryMatylda Ciołkosz — 2017
Article · English · Open access
A theoretical article on representational and enactive models of religious cognition. Its concluding case study, pp. 141–142, revisits Suchitra Samanta’s account of sacrifice to Kali at Kalighat. It is a distinct scholarly interpretation of earlier ethnography, not independent new fieldwork.
Source: Studia Religiologica; Jagiellonian University Repository
Original source or repositoryTanisha Ramachandran — 2008
Dissertation · English · Open access
A Concordia dissertation on changing interpretations of Hindu images. Chapter 5, “Sacrifice, Sedition and Serials,” pp. 124–149, focuses on Kali as a political symbol in colonial writing, nationalist literature, prints and journalism. Chapter 6, pp. 150–161, considers commercial appropriation. The dissertation is broader than Kali alone.
Source: Concordia University
Original source or repositoryMikel Burley — 2021
Article · English · Open access
Burley compares the poetry of Ramprasad Sen and R. S. Thomas to argue for a broader philosophy of religion attentive to devotional protest. Rather than treating reproach of a deity as a simple rejection of faith, the article examines how accusation, dependence, doubt, and devotion coexist. Its substantial Ramprasad section explores Kali’s maternal and frightening dimensions and the poet’s complain
Source: Oxford University Press for the American Academy of Religion; White Rose Research Online repository
Original source or repositoryKennedy, Vans — 1831
Book · English · Open access
Comparative mythography drawing on the Kalika and Devi Puranas.
Source: Internet Archive (Google scan)
Original source or repositoryMcDermott, Rachel Fell — 2011 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryAnwar, Zameer — 2023
Article · English · Open access
Sara-la-Kali's May pilgrimage at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer and comparisons with Indian goddesses.
Source: Phralipen (Roma news outlet, Croatia)
Original source or repositoryJanata Weekly — n.d.
Article · English · Open access
Argues Kali absorbed eastern Indian aboriginal goddesses and later became a symbol of resistance.
Source: Janata Weekly
Original source or repositoryRoy, Avijit — 2025
Article · English · Open access
Ten-headed Mahakali puja begun by freedom fighters.
Source: Millennium Post
Original source or repositoryDavis, Richard H. — 1991 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositorySmithsonian Folkways — Date not recorded
Audio · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Institutional, Archival, and Web Sources.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryUsharbudh Arya — 1968
Book · English and Hindustani (transliterated) · Open access
Contains original Kali Mai folk-song text and English translation, especially Song 85 (printed p. 148) recorded in Paramaribo in 1965; the collection provides broader diaspora religious context.
Source: Caribbean Hindustani (digitised book)
Original source or repositoryRodrigues, Hillary P. — 2003 CE
Book · Not specified · Metadata only
From Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography, Sources for Chapters 1–18. Section: Scholarly Works.
Source: Keepers of the Mother’s Flame — Master Bibliography
Original source or repositoryAjith K. Pillai — 2017
Article · English · Open access
Describes local ritual expressions associated with Kali worship in Kerala.
Source: theresearchers.asia
Original source or repositoryVishaka Venkat; Sandhya Shankar; Deekshita M. — 2025
Article · English · Open access
Researches Bhadrakali ritual practices through colonial and later interventions.
Source: bharatiya-jnana-sarita.info
Original source or repositoryHashik N. K. — 2012
Dissertation · English · Open access
A doctoral ethnography with a major section on Bhagavathi / Bhadrakali, Dārikavadham, sacred groves, and ritual performances along the Bharathappuzha in Kerala. Its length makes it valuable for detailed cultural and geographic evidence.
Source: University of Hyderabad
Original source or repositoryBhattacharya, Pradip — 2001
Article · English · Open access
Essay on Bengal's dacoits and their Kali worship.
Source: Boloji
Original source or repositoryTraditional; text associated with Mahākāla Saṃhitā in source — Composition undated
Scripture · Sanskrit / Hindi · Open access
A gathered text on Kātyāyanī, Mahākālī and Bhadrakālī manifestations, with Sanskrit verses and Hindi explanations concerning forms of the goddess and multiple arms in worship imagery. The praise explicitly addresses the goddess as “Kātyāyani” and “Mahākāli” together. This should be cataloged as the complete grouped document displayed online, not as a complete recension of the larger Mahākāla Saṃhi
Source: Sanskrit Documents volunteer project
Original source or repositoryDas, Srijit — 2024
Article · English · Open access
Fact check showing a village's ritual dismantling of a Kali image.
Source: BOOM (fact check)
Original source or repositoryAnonymous; attributed to Rudra — n.d. [online edition]
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
Hymn to Camunda spoken by Rudra in the Varaha Purana.
Source: Sanskrit Documents volunteer project
Original source or repository5 Dariya News — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Kalimath, an idol-less Kali shrine tied to the Raktabija legend.
Source: 5 Dariya News
Original source or repositoryUnknown — n.d.
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
The 'five limbs' of Kalika worship from the Rudrayamala.
Source: eGangotri Digital Preservation Trust, via Internet Archive (CC0)
Original source or repositorySudhakar Malaviya (editor) — 2007; 2007 digital edition; date of underlying typesetting edition not established here.
Scripture · Sanskrit · Open access
The ninety-chapter Uttara Tantra, containing extensive Shakta and yogic material and repeated treatments of Kali and related forms. It is useful for studying the ritual and doctrinal contexts of hymns attributed to the Rudrayamala.
Source: Muktabodha Indological Research Institute
Original source or repositoryTarabout, Gilles — 1996
Article · French · Open access
Review of Serge Bouez's ethnography of the 'pacified goddess' and Kali devotion in Bengal.
Source: L'Homme 36(139), pp. 174-176 (Persée)
Original source or repositoryDeborah Sutton — 2022
Article · English · Open access
Detailed study of the living Kalkaji temple complex in Delhi; discusses the regional goddess Kalka as assimilated with Kali and Durga, ritual custodianship, architecture, and temple renewal.
Source: arq / Cambridge University Press
Original source or repositoryMiriam Robbins Dexter; Victor H. Mair — 2013
Article · English · Open access
Dexter and Mair compare female display figures across several Eurasian traditions, revisiting material discussed in their earlier book. A dedicated Kali section on printed pages 21–22 examines protective and destructive functions, dancing postures, cremation-ground associations and passages from the Devi Mahatmya. An extensive illustrated section reproduces related objects, including representatio
Source: Sino-Platonic Papers 240
Original source or repositoryRabindranath Tagore — Digital edition undated; Bichitra project copyright 2013; underlying English play published 1917
Manuscript · English · Open access
This manuscript witness preserves Tagore’s English dramatic treatment of a conflict over sacrifice at a Kali temple in Tripura. King Govinda’s prohibition brings royal authority into confrontation with the priest Raghupati, while Jaising, Aparna and Queen Gunavati expose the emotional costs of devotion interpreted through coercion and bloodshed. The transcript retains deletions, insertions and mar
Source: Bichitra: Online Tagore Variorum, School of Cultural Texts and Records, Jadavpur University
Original source or repositoryMasakazu Tanaka — 1999 issue / 2000 author bibliography
Article · English · Open access
Includes sustained ethnographic analysis of Bhadra Kali worship and sacrifice in a Sri Lankan fishing village, in comparison with colonial and postcolonial regulation of ritual.
Source: ZINBUN 34(1), 127–146
Original source or repositoryTrinidad Express — n.d.
Article · English · Open access
Reporting on Kali Mai temples, healing rites and sacrifice in Trinidad.
Source: Trinidad Express
Original source or repositoryUnknown — 19th c.
Museum record · English · Open access
Paired gouache of five-headed Sadashiva and Kali seated on Shiva.
Source: Wellcome Collection (Public Domain Mark)
Original source or repositoryGupta, Jogendranath — 1954
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali study of Ramprasad as poet-devotee.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryChattopadhyay, Debendra Nath — 1928
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali life and songs of the Shakta poet Kamalakanta Bhattacharya.
Source: West Bengal Public Library Network / DLI, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositorySengupta, Jotiprakash — 1957
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali life of the Kali poet Ramprasad.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryGuru Shyama Khyapa — 2026
Article · English · Open access
Full translated practitioner discussion of Ramprasad’s songs and traditional biographical narratives.
Source: Jai Khepa Parampara — contemporary teachings
Original source or repositorySimha, Kailashchandra (comp.) — 1899
Book · Bengali · Open access
Collection of devotional songs (padabali) addressed to Shyama.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryDasgupta, Pranab Kumar — 1960
Book · Bengali · Open access
Bengali study of the poet-devotee Ramprasad.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repositoryShri Praveen Radhakrishna — 2026
Article · English · Open access
Complete original teaching on Kali–Krishna associations and an observance-specific prayer practice.
Source: Jai Khepa Parampara — contemporary teachings
Original source or repositorySanderson, Alexis — 2005
Reference · English · Open access
Authoritative entry on the Krama cults of Kali in Kashmir and the Guhyakali tradition of Nepal.
Source: Encyclopedia of Religion (2nd ed.), via Encyclopedia.com
Original source or repositoryUnknown — Date not established
Manuscript · Sanskrit · Open access
Bengali-script manuscript of a thousand-name hymn to Kalika.
Source: Sri Aurobindo Library, via Internet Archive (CC0)
Original source or repositoryMuralikrishnan M. V. — 2020
Article · English · Open access
Surveys regional Śākta textual traditions, emphasizing Bhadrakālī worship and temple ritual manuals.
Source: ijrar.org
Original source or repositoryMukhopadhyay, Dhrubakumar (ed.) — 1958
Book · Bengali · Open access
Anthology of Bengali Shakta songs to Kali and Uma.
Source: Digital Library of India, via Internet Archive
Original source or repository